Do Trees Grow on Money?: The implications of deforestation research for policies to promote REDDCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeforest managementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/014-infobrief.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2594IDWhat is the right scale for REDD?: The implications of national, subnational and nested approachesCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeforest managementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/015-infobrief.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2595IDMeasuring and monitoring forest degradation for REDD: Implications of country circumstancesCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeforest managementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/016-infobrief.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2596IDFinancing REDD: Linking country needs and financing sourcesCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeforest managementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/017-infobrief.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2597IDThe role of REDD in stabilising greenhouse gas concentrations: Lessons from economic modelsCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeforest managementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/018-infobrief.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2598IDAdaptation at the interface of forest ecosystem goods and services and livestock production systems in Northern MaliCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeforest managementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/019-infobrief.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2599IDDeveloping forest-based enterprises in MeghalayaAlbano, A.Tiwari, B.K.Lynser, T.Kumar, CCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest managementforest productspoverty alleviationWith around half of its land area still forested, Meghalaya – one of the eight states of Northeastern India - has high potential for the development of forest-based enterprises. There are, however, various constraints to the development of forest-based enterprises as demonstrated by the noticeable underdevelopment of industries in the state and the dearth of information regarding the status of existing forest-based industries - an important element to guiding targeted interventions. This policy brief presents an overview of existing forest-based enterprises in Meghalaya, focussing on some of the most important forest products and identifying key areas and pathways to developing forest-based enterprises that would generate income and employment for the poor.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0805.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2563IDDeveloping community-based forest enterprises in NepalAlbano, A.Pandit, B.H.Kumar, C.Belcher, BCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest managementlivelihoodsinterventionforest economicspoverty alleviationforest products industriesDeveloping community-based forest enterprises (CBFEs) is an ideal development intervention in poor forest communities as they have the potential to generate income and employment for the poor while supporting sustainable management of forest resources. This potential is limited by various constraints, many of which are unique to forestbased enterprises. In Nepal, there has been an increase in interest and efforts to develop forestbased enterprises following the institutionalization of various community-based forest management programmes; unfortunately, these initiatives are being impeded by several different factors. This policy brief summarises the important constraints affecting CBFEs in Nepal based from a study involving 28 different types of CBFEs. It identifies key areas for intervention and suggests specific developmental and regulatory interventions for the government and other key organisations involved in promoting CBFEs.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0804.pdfBrief4enCIFOR Head Quarter2562NPIncreasing forest benefits through the leasehold forestry and livestock programme: improving its implementation and effectiv enessAlbano, A.Regmi, BKumar, C.Belcher, BCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest managementlivelihoodspoverty alleviationNepal introduced various community based forest management (CBFM) programmesthat aim to improve forest management while improving the livelihoods of the forest dependent poor. One of these programmes is the Leasehold Forestry and Livestock Programme (LFLP). Various studies have demonstrated its positive impacts but severa studies also pointed out its unintentional negative impacts. This policy brief presents implementation and related design constraints facing the LFLP and suggests ways to resolve them and improve programme outcomes. This brief is based on our review study of the institutional constraints to the LFLP in achieving its poverty alleviation objective. Proper implementation of the programme is constrained by a lack of awareness of the people about it, which can be attributed to the lack of capacity in the implementing line agencies, and also to programme design weaknesses. To improve its effectiveness and impact, awareness campaigns should be improved using diverse modes of communication, more line agencies should be involved in the implementation by transferring the implementation responsibility to a district-level project coordination committee, and some programme provisions should be changed in favour of the poor.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0803.pdfCIFOR Publication4enCIFOR Head Quarter2561NPPengelolaan bersama secara adaptif dapat membantu kita menghadapi perubahan iklimCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeforest managementcommunity developmenthttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/013-infobrief-I.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/013-infobrief.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2546IDFavoreciendo el desarrollo local en la Amazonia: lecciones de las iniciativas de manejo forestal comunitarioMedina, G.Pokorny, B.Campbell, B.MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest managementdevelopment agenciestimber productionpartnershipsAlso available in Engliahhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0802S.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0802E.pdfBrief6p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2530IDFavouring local development in the Amazon: lessons from community forest management initiativesMedina, G.Pokorny, B.Campbell, B.MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest managementtimber productiondevelopment agenciespartnershipsAlso available in Spainhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0802E.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0802S.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2529IDAdaptive Collaborative Management Can Help Us Cope With Climate ChangeCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeforest managementcommunity developmenthttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/013-infobrief.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Infobrief/013-infobrief-I.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2518IDBeekeeping in ZambiaHusselman, M2008non-timber forest productshoneybeekeepingtradetrade policyrural communitieshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0801.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2445ZMMenerawang kesatuan pengelolaan hutan di era otonomi daerahNgakan, P.O.Komarudin, H.Moeliono, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008Regulation PP No. 6/2007 on forest administration and management planning re-introduced forest management units, called Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) intended to ensure the sustainable and efficient management of forest resources. While it offers a promising system for managing forest resources throughout the country, there are still many unanswered questions .How will it be effectively implemented given the increased demand for collaborative and decentralized system; what is the role of local governments in the planning and implementaion of the system; how institutions (rules as well as organization) and shared duties between the newly set up forest unit organization with the existing local forest institutions, will be dealt with. The brief discusses the concept and challenges of the effective adoption of these units (shared authorities between central and local government, re-organization, operational cost and stakeholder’s readiness). The brief concludes that if the forest management unit system is to be implemented it requires (1) rethinking of forest management unit as ecologically based units with multiple functions rather than have separate units for each main functions, and (2) intensive socialisation and working with local stakeholders is . The establishment of the organization of the units should also consider the whole institutional restructuring and take account of aspirations of stakeholders who are involved from the planning to implementation phase.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0738I.pdfSeries12p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2351ZM1907-4212Forest governance in countries with federal systems of government: lessons for decentralizationContreras-Hermosilla, A.Gregersen, H.White, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2008http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0739E.pdfBrief12p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2352ZM1907-4212Anggaran berbasis kinerja: tantangannya menuju tata kelola kehutanan yang baikUtomo, N.A.Ngakan, P.O.Dermawan, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2007budgetingfinancial planningdevelopment planninglocal governmentgovernanceforestryhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0737E.pdfBrief8p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2318ID1907-4212Poverty and forests: multi-country analysis of spatial association and proposed policy solutionsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertypoverty alleviationforest resourcesspatial distributionspatial variationland ownershipforest productsmarketscommunity forestrycompaniespartnershipsThis paper examines poverty and deforestation in developing countries as linked problems and focuses on policies that can favour poverty alleviation in forested regions. The paper encompasses two elements: analysis of the spatial coincidence between poverty and forests, and proposed policy options for reducing poverty in forested areas. It is assumed that three key frames of reference must be borne in mind in order to produce the best possible policies: (1) the location of the rural poor and types and levels of poverty in relation to forest resources; (2) variations in the density of forest cover in relation to distance from urban areas (the von Thünen scale); and (3) variations in forest cover over time (high, low, then partial restoration) in relation to a country’s forest transition experience. There are three main conclusions linked to these frames of reference. (1) Although relatively few people live in areas of high forest cover, they tend to be characterised by high rates of poverty and they are among the ‘poorest of the poor’. (2) Four policy approaches are recommended for lifting people out of poverty: transfer of ownership of forest lands from governments to forest dwellers; facilitation of access to forest product markets; promotion of commercial-scale community forestry and company–community partnerships; and establishment of payments for forest environmental services that are pro-poor. Implementation of these four strategies must take into account the implications of the four von Thünen zones (periurban, agricultural mosaic, forest frontier, and relatively undisturbed forests). (3) One cannot place blind faith in economic growth and laissez-faire for reducing poverty in forested areas. Strategic policy interventions are necessary to assist the process of livelihood improvement. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/012-Infobrief.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2297BRBlessing or misfortune?: locals, transmigrants and collective actionAdnan, H.YentirizalCIFORBogor, Indonesia2007http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Govbrief/GovBrief0736E.pdfBrief12p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2273ID1907-4212Aksi kolektif penguatan hak masyarakat atas lahanSiagian, Y.Neldysavrino2007rural communitiesrural developmentcommunity actionproperty rightsland useland managementwomengender relationsforestsaction researchparticipationTulisan ini menggambarkan upaya aksi kolektif masyarakat untuk memperoleh kepastian hak properti atas lahan yang mereka kelola. Dengan semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan terhadap lahan pertanian dan konflik atas sumber daya alam, kelompok masyarakat, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, mencoba melakukan upaya negosiasi hak mereka atas pengelolaan sumber daya alam. Kelompok tersebut juga memanfaatkan berbagai tawaran program pemerintah untuk memperoleh kepastian hak atas lahan. Tulisan ini memuat hasil dan pembelajaran dari penelitian aksi partisipatif terhadap kelompok masyarakat di dua desa (Sungai Telang dan Lubuk Kambing) di Propinsi Jambi, Sumatera. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Govbrief/GovBrief0735I.pdfBrief11p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2269IDLa reglementation du commerce de Gnetum Spp. au CamerounNdoye, O.Awono, ACenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Yaounde, Cameroon2007Gnetumleafy vegetablestraderegulationspolicyconstraintsfarmersmarket tradersAlso available in Englishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0701f.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0701.pdfBrief2p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2267CMRegulatory policies and Gnetum spp. trade in CameroonNdoye, O.Awono, ACenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Yaounde, Cameroon2007Gnetumleafy vegetablestraderegulationspolicyconstraintsfarmersmarket tradersAlso available in Frenchhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0701f.pdfBrief2p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2266CMSudahkah aspirasi masyarakat terakomodir dalam rencana pembangunan?: pelajaran dari sebuah aksi kolektif di JambiSyamsuddinNeldysavrinoKomarudin, H.Siagian, YCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007decentralizationdevelopment plansparticipationrural communitieslocal governmentcommunity actionwomengender relationslawaction researchrural developmentAlso available in EnglishThe brief describes development planning consultations, locally known as musrenbang, conducted in stages through different levels of governance: village, sub-district and district. The brief then documents lessons from experience catalyzing collective action among local community goups (in particular women’s groups) to engage in this development process and to help articulate the women’s aspirations in such a way that they could be heard by district decision makers. While some progress was made, such as women’s improved presence in different forums and their capacity to speak and propose distinct proposals for development, some challenges such as elite capture remain.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Govbrief/GovBrief0734I.pdfBrief12p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2263CMHutan dan kesehatan manusiaCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forestshealthcommunity forestryrural communitieshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/011-Infobrief-I.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/011-Infobrief.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2254CMCollective action to secure land management rights for poor communitiesSiagian, Y.NeldysavrinoCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007rural communitiesrural developmentcommunity actionproperty rightsland useland managementwomengender relationsforestsaction researchparticipationAlso available in IndonesianThe brief illustrates two communities’ efforts through collective action to secure property rights over their land. As conflict over natural resources and the need for sufficient farm land continue to increase, both men’s and women’s groups tried to negotiate their rights to manage natural resources to maintain their livelihoods. The groups also tried various governmental schemes and other approaches to secure their rights over land. The brief also describes lessons derived from the experience of implementing Participatory Action Research in catalyzing collective action among community groups in the two villages (Sungai Telang and Lubuk Kambing) in Jambi Province, Sumatra.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0702.pdfBrief12p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2239CMAre community aspirations being accommodated in development plans?: a lesson from collective action in JambiSyamsuddinNeldysavrinoKomarudin, H.Siagian, YCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007decentralizationdevelopment plansparticipationrural communitieslocal governmentcommunity actionwomengender relationslawaction researchrural developmentAlso available in IndonesianThe brief describes development planning consultations, locally known as musrenbang, conducted in stages through different levels of governance: village, sub-district and district. The brief then documents lessons from experience catalyzing collective action among local community goups (in particular women’s groups) to engage in this development process and to help articulate the women’s aspirations in such a way that they could be heard by district decision makers. While some progress was made, such as women’s improved presence in different forums and their capacity to speak and propose distinct proposals for development, some challenges such as elite capture remain.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0701.pdfBrief12p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2240CMCorrectifs pour la gestion décentralisée des forêts au Cameroun: options et opportunités de dix ans d’expérienceOyono, P.R.Ribot, J.C.Assembe Mvondo, S.Logo, P.BCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007decentralizationforest managementforest policyAlso available in EnglishThis Policy Brief: (1) outlines recommendations for change and improvement; (2) describes the legal and institutional infrastructure of decentralized forest management in Cameroon; (3) describes how basic mechanisms of decentralized forest management operate in practice; and (4) summarizes the findings of five years of World Resources Institute (WRI)-Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) research on decentralized forestry policy and practice. The decentralization of forestry management in Cameroon has succeeded in providing powers to local actors and enabling them to establish community forests, council forests and communitymanaged hunting zones, and to have access to forestry fees. The impacts of this transfer of power on local democracy, equity, living standards, poverty alleviation, social vulnerability and environmental sustainability are, however, weak. There is enormous room for improvement. This brief formulates recommendations with a view to transforming the promise of decentralized forest management in Cameroon into action and positive outcomes on the ground, notably poverty reduction.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0733F.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0733E.pdfBrief12p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2191CMImproving decentralized forest management in Cameroon: options and opportunities from ten years of experienceOyono, P.R.Ribot, J.C.Assembe Mvondo, S.Logo, P.BCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007decentralizationforest managementforest policyAlso available in FrenchThis Policy Brief: (1) outlines recommendations for change and improvement; (2) describes the legal and institutional infrastructure of decentralized forest management in Cameroon; (3) describes how basic mechanisms of decentralized forest management operate in practice; and (4) summarizes the findings of five years of World Resources Institute (WRI)-Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) research on decentralized forestry policy and practice. The decentralization of forestry management in Cameroon has succeeded in providing powers to local actors and enabling them to establish community forests, council forests and communitymanaged hunting zones, and to have access to forestry fees. The impacts of this transfer of power on local democracy, equity, living standards, poverty alleviation, social vulnerability and environmental sustainability are, however, weak. There is enormous room for improvement. This brief formulates recommendations with a view to transforming the promise of decentralized forest management in Cameroon into action and positive outcomes on the ground, notably poverty reduction.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0733E.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0733F.pdfBrief12p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2190CMLes forets comme filet de sauvetage pour attenuer les impacts du VIH/SIDA en Afrique australeShackleton, S.Kaschula, S.Twine, W.Hunter, L.Holding-Anyonge, C.Petheram, LCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006Also available in Englishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0604f.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0604e.pdfBrief4p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2164CMThe wealth of the dry forests: can sound forest management contribute to the millennium development goals in Sub-Saharan Africa?Petheram, L.Campbell, B.M.Marunda, C.T.Tiveau, D.Shackleton, SCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0605.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2165CMForests as safety nets for mitigating the impacts of HIV/AIDS in southern AfricaShackleton, S.Kaschula, S.Twine, W.Hunter, L.Holding-Anyonge, C.Petheram, L2006Also available in Frenchhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0604e.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0604f.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2163CMAdil gender: mengungkap realitas perempuan JambiWiliam-de Vries, D.Sutarti, NCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006rural communitiesrural developmentwoman's statusgender relationsAlso available in EnglishIn recent years, the term ‘gender’ has become a hot discussion topic in various forums and media. Many development sectors require gender analysis as a component of a program’s implementation. However, even today, many people still equate gender with sex or even, as a narrower definition, with women. This is particularly true in regions, where gender has not yet commonly been discussed, such as Bungo and Tanjung Jabung Barat (Tanjabbar) districts, Jambi. This common idea is not surprising given that more women are adversely affected by gender inequity in the family environment and society than men. Thus, when gender is discussed, one might think that gender is identical with women’s issues.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0624.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0624E.pdfBrief7p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2160CMGender equity: revealing the reality for the women of JambiWiliam-de Vries, D.Sutarti, NCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006rural communitiesrural developmentwoman's statusgender relationsAlso available in IndonesianIn recent years, the term ‘gender’ has become a hot discussion topic in various forums and media. Many development sectors require gender analysis as a component of a program’s implementation. However, even today, many people still equate gender with sex or even, as a narrower definition, with women. This is particularly true in regions, where gender has not yet commonly been discussed, such as Bungo and Tanjung Jabung Barat (Tanjabbar) districts, Jambi. This common idea is not surprising given that more women are adversely affected by gender inequity in the family environment and society than men. Thus, when gender is discussed, one might think that gender is identical with women’s issues.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0624E.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0624.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2159CMMelegalkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam kebijakanSudirmanCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006local governmentcommunitiessocial participationpolicycommunity involvementlawlegislationhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0623.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2089IDForests and human healthCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006forestshealthcommunity forestryrural communitieshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/011-Infobrief.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/011-Infobrief-I.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2088IDAgroforest karet di Jambi: dapatkah bertahan di era desentralisasi?Muntasyarah, A.S2006agroforestryrubber plantsdecentralizationhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/GovBrief/GovBrief0621.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2081IDPeran kaum perempuan dalam pengambilan keputusan pada masyarakat pengelola hutan kemiri di Mario PulanaAgusnawati2006thesesfarmersAleurites moluccanafarming systemshousehold surveysdecision makinggender relationsinstitutionsqualitative techniquescase studieshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0620.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2047IDPeluang dan tantangan untuk mengembangkan hutan kemasyarakatan: Pengalaman dari MalinauLimberg, G.Iwan, R.Wollenberg, E.Moeliono, MBogor, Indonesia2006social forestryhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0619.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2029IDPoverty in rural forest communities and its management: a case study in Malinau DistrictRositah, ECIFORBogor, Indonesia2006povertyrural communitiescase studiesAlso available in Indonesian entitled: Kemiskinan masyarakat desa sekitar hutan dan penanggulangannya: studi kasus di Kabupaten MalinauDoes the local government’s increased access to forest resources in the district have an impact upon poverty? Regional autonomy provides district governments with the authority to improve the welfare of communities in their districts. Malinau District in East Kalimantan has the opportunity to develop the livelihoods of its communities. Even though it has abundant natural resources, Malinau has yet to be able to guarantee a better standard of living for the majority of its people. The population of the district at the end of 2003 was around 43,844 spread across nine subdistricts, with the majority living in remote villages in or around forests. In the same year approximately 47% of households or families were recorded as being poor (Malinau District Rural Community Empowerment Office, 2003). The aim of this case study paper is to look at the impact of regional autonomy on two poor communities in this wealthy district, i.e. Sebinuang (North Malinau Subdistrict) and Metut (South Malinau Subdistrict).http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0602E.pdfBrief7p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2003IDDistrict governments and poverty alleviation in forest areas in IndonesiaAndrianto, A.Wollenberg, E.Cahyat, A.Goenner, C.Moeliono, M.Limberg, G.Iwan, R2006povertydecentralizationpolicyDistrict governments in Indonesia are in the early stages of trying to reduce poverty in their areas. We explain the influences on district officials’ ability to effectively address poverty in two forest districts based on observations between 2003 and 2005. We found that centrally-imposed programs have created bureaucratic requirements that officials are reluctant to meet or prefer to use to their own benefit. District initiatives for economic development rarely reach the poor and even increase their vulnerability. This poor performance can be explained by weak incentives and institutions, unclear strategies and information and little participation of the poor themselves. District, provincial and central authorities need to ensure benefits for district officials who work to reduce poverty, have coherent, simple strategies, enable poor communities to voice their needs, revitalize coordination with funding and stronger leadership, and enable monitoring by districts and communities of government programs impacts on poverty.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0618.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0618E.pdfBrief12p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2001IDPemerintah Kabupaten dan penanggulangan kemiskinan di wilayah hutan di IndonesiaAndrianto, A.Wollenberg, E.Cahyat, A.Goenner, C.Moeliono, M.Limberg, G.Iwan, R2006povertydecentralizationpolicyAlso available in EnglishDistrict governments in Indonesia are in the early stages of trying to reduce poverty in their areas. We explain the influences on district officials’ ability to effectively address poverty in two forest districts based on observations between 2003 and 2005. We found that centrally-imposed programs have created bureaucratic requirements that officials are reluctant to meet or prefer to use to their own benefit. District initiatives for economic development rarely reach the poor and even increase their vulnerability. This poor performance can be explained by weak incentives and institutions, unclear strategies and information and little participation of the poor themselves. District, provincial and central authorities need to ensure benefits for district officials who work to reduce poverty, have coherent, simple strategies, enable poor communities to voice their needs, revitalize coordination with funding and stronger leadership, and enable monitoring by districts and communities of government programs impacts on poverty.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0618.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0618E.pdfBrief12p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2045IDBagaimana masyarakat dapat dilibatkan dalam perencanaan tata ruang kabupaten?Limberg, G.Iwan, R.Wollenberg, E.Moeliono, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0614.pdfBrief8p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1966IDKemiskinan masyarakat desa sekitar hutan dan penanggulangannya: studi kasus di Kabupaten MalinauRositah, ECIFORBogor, Indonesia2005povertyrural communitiescase studiesAlso availabe in English entitled: Poverty in rural forest communities and its management: a case study in Malinau Districthttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0602.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1914IDOpportunities and Constraints to Community Forestry: experience from MalinauLimberg, G.Iwan, R.Wollenberg, E.Moeliono, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0603.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1915IDHow can communities be included in district land use planning? Experience from Malinau District, East KalimantanLimberg, G.Iwan, R.Wollenberg, E.Moeliono, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0604.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1916IDMenggunakan UU Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang Menjerat Aktor Intelektual Illegal LoggingSetiono, BCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0604.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1917IDUsing the Anti Money Laundering Law: Catching the Intellectual Actors behind Illegal LoggingSetiono, BCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0605.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1918IDPrinsip Mengenal Nasabah (PMN) untuk Nasabah Sektor KehutananSetiono, BCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0607.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1919IDKYC Principles for Forestry Related CustomersSetiono, BCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0608.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1920IDInternational Cooperation against Financial Backers of Illegal LoggingSetiono, BCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0609.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1921IDPerubahan Perundangan DesentralisasiCahyat, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0610.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1922IDMasyarakat Mengawasi Pembangunan Daerah: Bagaimana agar dapat efektif?Cahyat, A.Wibowo, SCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0611.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1923IDPerubahan Perundangan-undangan Keuangan Daerah Tahun 2004: Bagaimana Pengaruhnya pada Program Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Daerah?Cahyat, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0612.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1924IDPengarusutamaan Kemiskinan: Apa, Mengapa dan Bagaimana?Cahyat, A.Moeliono, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0613.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1925IDApakah Setelah Desentralisasi Hutan Penelitian Lebih Bermanfaat Untuk Masyarakat Lokal?Wiati, C.BCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0601.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1935IDIllegal forest activities in Berau and Kutai Timur: impacts, driving forces and remediesObidzinski, K.Andrianto, A.Hernawan, D.Belle, C.W.Kusumawati, RCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006This brief provide information on a study that examines illegal forest activities in Berau and East Kutai Districts in Indonesia’s East Kalimantan province. By analyzing all types of extractive and processing forestry activities, the study identifies illegalities associated with these operations and assesses their economic, social/livelihood and environmental impacts. It also identifies the key driving forces behind illegal forest activities and proposes corrective measures.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0615.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1996IDThe cross border timber trade in Kalimantan: will stopping timber smugglers help solve the illegal logging problem in Indonesia?Obidzinski, K.Andrianto, A.Wijaya, C.Hernawan, D.Belle, C.WCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006illicit fellingloggingforest products industriesforest productsforestsgovernmentIndonesian forestry officials, timber industry associations, NGOs and research institutions are of the opinion that timber smuggling is a key contributor to the illegal logging problem in Indonesia. It is often stated that international crime syndicates, run mainly from the neighboring countries (i.e. Malaysia), are responsible for timber smuggling activities. Other assumptions are that if Malaysia and Indonesia cooperated, smuggling could be eliminated, and if timber smuggling was stopped, the illegal logging problem in Indonesia would be under control. These are sweeping assumptions that so far have not been systematically analyzed. This study was aimed to look more comprehensively at the dynamics, extent, nature and modus operandi of timber smuggling between Indonesia and Malaysia in Kalimantan and to assess the claims that are being made about the significance of timber smuggling within the context of the illegal logging problem in Indonesia. The results of this study will be used to inform the on-going debates on this issue and contribute to possible corrective measures.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0617.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1997IDA/R clean development mechanism project activities: development of PDDCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005carbonprojectsdevelopment planshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/carbobrief/CarboBrief0504.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1851IDA/R clean development mechanism project activities: project cycleCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005carbonprojectsdevelopment planshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/carbobrief/CarboBrief0505.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1852IDA/R clean development mechanism project activities: legal framework in IndonesiaCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005carbonprojectsdevelopment planshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/carbobrief/CarboBrief0506.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1853IDDampak kebijakan IPPK dan IUPHHK terhadap perekonomian masyarakat di Kabupaten MalinauAffandi, OCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005forest policydecentralizationrural communitiesimpactrural economyAlso available in English entitled: The impact of IPPK and IUPHHK on community economies in Malinau districtRegional autonomy (OTDA) has opened up the opportunity for districts to manage their forest resources (SDH), however, the division of authority between district and central governments remains unclear. So, how and to what extent can this opportunity improve community livelihoods? For the research presented here, data was collected to answer these questions for the case of Malinau District, where, as in other forest-rich regions, decentralization has been marked with regional government (Pemda) policies granting IPPK (timber extraction and utilization permits) and IUPHHK (forest timber product exploitation permits, better known as mini HPHs). The research, conducted in the three villages of Long Pangin, Laban Nyarit, and Langap between April and June 2004, show these policies have not had the desired results. Communities’ lack of capital and technical capacity led them to give their permits to people with better access to capital. Communities only received fees. Communities’ lack of access to information and support when negotiating with these entrepreneurs resulted in agreements where the entrepreneurs enjoyed the greatest benefits while communities were left with very little.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0508.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1808IDMengembalikan kejayaan hutan kemiri rakyatYusranCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005non-timber forest productsrural communitiesAleurites moluccanaland uselegal rightshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0506.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1809IDBagaimana kebijakan dapat dikoordinasikan antara pusat, daerah dan masyarakat?Angi, E.MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005nature conservationdecentralizationlocal governmentforest policycommunity involvementpublic opiniongovernancehttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0507.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1810IDKopermas: masyarakat hukum adat sebagai tameng bagi pihak yang berkepentinganYulianti, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationtraditional societylocal peoplecustomary lawhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0505.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1775IDPayments for environmental services: some nuts and boltsCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005This Infobrief is based on text from Wunder, S. 2005. Payments for environmental services: some nuts and bolts. CIFOR Occasional Paper no. 42. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/009-Infobrief.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1765IDJustice in the forest: rural livelihoods and forest law enforcementCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/010-Infobrief.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/010-InfobriefF.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/010-InfobriefS.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1939IDThe impact of IPPK and IUPHHK on community economies in Malinau districtAffandi, OCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006forest policydecentralizationrural communitiesimpactrural economyAlso available in Indonesian entitled: Dampak kebijakan IPPK dan IUPHHK terhadap perekonomian masyarakat di Kabupaten MalinauRegional autonomy (OTDA) has opened up the opportunity for districts to manage their forest resources (SDH), however, the division of authority between district and central governments remains unclear. So, how and to what extent can this opportunity improve community livelihoods? For the research presented here, data was collected to answer these questions for the case of Malinau District, where, as in other forest-rich regions, decentralization has been marked with regional government (Pemda) policies granting IPPK (timber extraction and utilization permits) and IUPHHK (forest timber product exploitation permits, better known as mini HPHs). The research, conducted in the three villages of Long Pangin, Laban Nyarit, and Langap between April and June 2004, show these policies have not had the desired results. Communities’ lack of capital and technical capacity led them to give their permits to people with better access to capital. Communities only received fees. Communities’ lack of access to information and support when negotiating with these entrepreneurs resulted in agreements where the entrepreneurs enjoyed the greatest benefits while communities were left with very little.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0506E.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2004IDKehutanan daerah di era desentralisasi penghambat koordinasi?Lestiawati, YCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationforestryhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0501.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1715IDKupu-kupu sayap burung musnah, masyarakat pegunungan Arfak menderitaSumarlanCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0502.pdfBrief2p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1716IDMencari benang merah kelangsungan hutan adat ongkoe di Kabupaten BarruSukardiCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0503.pdfBrief2p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1717IDImplementasi desentralisasi salah masyarakat adat menuai masalahGunawan, HCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationtraditional societylocal peoplecustomary lawhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0504.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1718IDSiklus proyek karbon hutan dalam mekanisme pembangunan bersihCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/carbobrief/carbobrief0502.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1680IDPerangkat hukum proyek karbon hutan di IndonesiaCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/carbobrief/carbobrief0503.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1681IDPenyusunan dokumen rancangan proyek aforestasi/reforestasi mekanisme pembangunan bersihCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005carbonprojectsdevelopment planshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/carbobrief/carbobrief0501.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1683IDKontribusi izin pemungutan dan pemanfaatan kayu (IPPK) 100 ha terhadap pendapatan daerah: studi kasus di kabupaten BulunganSamsuKomarudin, H.McGrath, S.Ngau, Y.Suramenggala, ICIFORBogor, Indonesia2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/DescBrief6.pdfBrief8p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1676IDKebakaran, mata pencaharian, dan kerusakan lingkungan pada lahan basah di Indonesia: lingkaran yang tiada berujung pangkalChokkalingam, U.Suyanto, SCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004firelivelihoodswetlandsenvironmental degradationalso available in Englishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/firebrief/FireBrief0404.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/firebrief/FireBrief0403.pdfBriefidCIFOR Head Quarter1627IDWhy are forest areas relevant to reducing poverty in Indonesia?Wollenberg, E.Belcher, B.Sheil, D.Dewi, S.Moeliono, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004povertyforestshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0404.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0404I.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1713IDMengapa kawasan hutan penting bagi penanggulangan kemiskinan di Indonesia?Wollenberg, E.Belcher, B.Sheil, D.Dewi, S.Moeliono, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004povertyforestshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0404I.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0404.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1714IDSistem pengawasan terhadap penyelenggaraan pemerintah daerah kabupaten: pembahasan peraturan perundangan di bidang pengawasanCahyat, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2004legislationregulationspolicydecentralizationlocal governmentmonitoringgovernancelawhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0403.pdfBrief8p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1642IDBagaimana kemiskinan diukur?: beberapa model pengukuran kemiskinan di IndonesiaCahyat, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2004povertyassessmentindicatorsmonitoringmodelshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0402.pdfBrief8p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1641IDSmall scale 100 ha logging concessions' contribution to regional finance: case study in Bulungan districtSamsuKomarudin, H.McGrath, S.Ngau, Y.Suramenggala, ICIFORBogor, Indonesia2004concessionsfinancedecentralizationhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/DescBrief2.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1674IDPublic participation in local forestry policy-making after decentralization: uncertainties, challenges and expectations in Tanjung Jabung Barat District, Jambi ProvinceSudirmanWiliam, D.McGrath, SCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationparticipationpolicyhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/DescBrief3.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1675IDDilema kebijakan perimbangan dana reboisasiOka, N.PCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004decentralizationpolicyhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/dilema_kebijakan.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/policy_dilemma.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1690IDThe policy dilemma for balancing reforestation fundsOka, N.P.Wiliam, DCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004decentralizationpolicyhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/policy_dilemma.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/dilema_kebijakan.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1691IDAkses masyarakat adat terhadap peluang-peluang pembangunan kehutanan di Kabupaten ManokwariTokede, M.J.Wiliam, D.McGrath, S.Gandhi, YCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationlocal peoplehttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/DescBrief8.pdfBrief8p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1692IDPartisipasi masyarakat dalam pembuatan kebijakan daerah di kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat, Jambi: ketidakpastian, tantangan, dan harapanSudirmanWiliam, D.McGrath, SCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationparticipationpolicylocal peoplehttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/DescBrief7.pdfBrief6p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1694IDLocal people’s access to forest-based development opportunities in Manokwari districtTokede, M.J.Wiliam, D.McGrath, S.Gandhi, YCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationlocal peopleforest practiceshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/DescBrief4.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1695IDContinued marginalisation of under privileged communities: forest management following decentralization in Sintang, West KalimantanAnshari, G.Z.Alqadrie, S.Budiarto, T.NgusmantoAbidin, E.McGrath, S.ZulkifliKomarudin, H.AfifudinCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/DescBrief5.pdfBrief6p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1696IDMarginalisasi masyarakat miskin di sekitar hutan: Studi kasus HPHH 100 ha di kabupaten Sintang, provinsi Kalimantan BaratAnshari, G.Z.Alqadrie, S.Budiarto, T.NgusmantoAbidin, E.McGrath, S.ZulkifliKomarudin, H.AfifudinCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationpovertyconcessionshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/descbrief/DescBrief9.pdfBrief8p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1740IDKebakaran di lahan gambut Mahakam tengah: keselarasan antara mata pencaharian dan konservasiChokkalingam, UCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004CIFORfirepeatlandslivelihoodsforest firesfire causesfire preventionAlso available in Englishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/firebrief/FireBrief0402.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/firebrief/FireBrief0401.pdfBrief4p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1626IDFire, livelihoods and environmental degradation in the wetlands of Indonesia: a vicious cycleChokkalingam, U.Suyanto, SCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004firewetlandsforest firesfire causesfire preventionenvironmental degradationlivelihoodsEl NinoAlso available in Indonesianhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/firebrief/FireBrief0403.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/firebrief/FireBrief0404.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1628IDFires in the middle Mahakam peatlands: balancing livelihoods and conservationChokkalingam, UCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004firepeatlandsforest firesfire causesfire preventionconservationlivelihoodsAlso available in Indonesianhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/firebrief/FireBrief0401.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/firebrief/FireBrief0402.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1629IDAn analysis of forestry sector conflict in Indonesia 1997 - 2003Wulan, Y.C.Yasmi, Y.Purba, C.Wollenberg, ECIFORBogor, Indonesia2004conflictdecentralizationcase studiesforestryforest managementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/govbrief/GovBrief0401.pdfBrief8p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1630IDOil, macroeconomics and forestsCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004deforestationfuel oilpetroleumenvironmental impactland usenational incomemacroeconomicstradetropical forestsAlso available in Frenchhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0401e.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0401f.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1633CMPetrole, macroeconomie et forets: lecons pour l'Afrique centraleCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004deforestationfuel oilpetroleumenvironmental impactland usenational incomemacroeconomicstradetropical forestsAlso available in Englishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0401f.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0401e.pdfBrief4p.frCIFOR Head Quarter1634CMOperationalising the ecosystem approach - re-inventing researchCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004adaptationcapacitydecision makingimpactassessmentintegrated systemsmodelsAlso available in Francehttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0402e.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1635CMMaking dry forests work for the poor in Africa - building on successCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004dry forestsnon-timber forest productspovertyAlso available in Frenchhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0403e.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0403f.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1636ZWLes forets seches au service des pauvres en Afrique - se baser sur des actions de reussiteCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2004non-timber forest productsdry forestspovertyAlso available in Englishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0403f.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/livebrief/livebrief0403e.pdfBrief4p.frCIFOR Head Quarter1637ZWMaking forest carbon markets work for low-income producersCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2002carbonprojectsmarketslow income groupsclean development mechanismForest carbon projects could potentially enhance the incomes and environment of hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of some of the world's poorest people, while providing real, climate-significant carbon offsets. But this opportunity will only be realized by adopting suitable rules for the CDM, applying innovations by business and social entrepreneurs to lower transaction costs, and taking public action to reduce risks to both investors and communities. This infobrief provides key points for making forest carbon markets work for low-income producers, and recommendations for the Clean Development Mechanism.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/002-Infobrief.pdfBrochure4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1239ZWIncreasing the benefits to disadvantaged groups in multistakeholder forestry negotiationsCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2002negotiationscommunity forestryThis infobrief provides key points that will benefit disadvantaged groups in multistakeholder negotiations. Negotiations that include all the groups or stakeholders concerned should increase democratic decision-making and compromise. Experience has shown that the benefits that disandvantaged groups receive from multistakeholder negotiations depend on how the negotiations are done. This infobrief describes some of the pitfalls of multistakeholder negotiations and proposes ways for disadvantaged groups to avoid them.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/003-Infobrief.pdfBrochure4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1240ZWNot by grain alone...: woodlands and rural livelihoods in dryland AfricaCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2002This infobrief provides key points that create a framework to allow people to make their own choices. Foster social learning and innovation, invest in rural organizations, strengthen markets. Give communities control over woodlands and the returns from their investments, encourage fairness, collaboration and conflict management. Reconsider policies that encourage woodland destruction, provide financial, marketing and technical services. Bring livelihood and landscape approaches into conservation efforts.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/004-Infobrief.pdfBrief4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1551ZWFires in Indonesia: causes, costs and policy implicationsCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2002This infobrief provides key points that when fire is used to clear forest allocated to other land uses, such as plantations, fire is not the underlying cause of forest loss. In this case, the land allocation process needs to be addressed to reduce deforestation. · There is no single 'fire problem'. Rather, there are a range of fire-related problems that require their own appropriate policy response, such as smokehaze pollution, forest degradation and deforestation. Large-scale land clearing for plantations and small-scale livelihood activities are both major causes of the peat-land fires that produce most of Indonesia's smoke haze pollution and carbon emissions. Legislation governing fire use should be revised so that it a) bans those fires that cause significant smoke haze effects, such as peat-land fires, and b) regulates fire-uses that cause unwanted local effects resulting from smoke. Consideration should be given to including peat lands in the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. As the severity and impacts of fires increases worldwide, there needs to be more focus on analyzing the policy and economic factors of fires.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/005-Infobrief.pdfBrochure4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1552ZWFuelwood revisited: what has changed in the last decade?CIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2003This infobrief provides key points that the available evidence does not substantiate earlier concerns that woodfuel demand has been outpacing sustainable supply on a scale that makes it a major cause of deforestation. The balance between demand and supply is seldom an issue requiring forestry intervention on a national scale. However, the rapid rise in charcoal production and its concentration, to supply large urban markets, certainly warrants further investigation. Annual global consumption of fuelwood appears to have peaked in the mid-1990s, at about 1600 million m3 and is now believed to be slowly declining. However, global charcoal consumption is growing rapidly (and at the turn of the century, was estimated to be using roughly 270 million m3 of wood pa). The combined aggregate is still rising but at a declining rate and substantially less rapidly than the equivalent growth in population. Overall, the total quantities of woodfuels being used are still huge, with an estimated 2.4 billion people currently utilising wood and other forms of biomass.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/006-Infobrief.pdfBrochure4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1553ZWExploring the forest - poverty linkCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2003forestspovertynon-timber forest productsThis infobrief provides key points that in exploring the link from forests to poverty alleviation, two key questions arise: What role can forests and forestry play in the efforts to reduce poverty in developing countries? And to what extent do forests help prevent extreme hardship, even when they don’t reduce poverty? A striking gap exists between, on the one hand, the neglect of forests in economic development and poverty reduction strategies and on the other, the high (and sometimes unrealistic) expectations regarding the role for forest products in parts of the forest literature. From a macro-level perspective, economic growth normally does trickle down to the poor, at least over time and at aggregate scales. The forest literature tends to ignore this effect, including the impact of forest rents flowing into other sectors. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) serve subsistence needs, can have important ‘gap filling’ fnctions and sometimes provide regular cash income. However, there is a strong association between poverty and NTFP dependence. Paradoxically, the same characteristics that make NTFPs important and attractive to the poor, also limit their potential for increasing incomes. Timber has traditionally been the rich man’s lot but the current trends of increased local control over natural forests, smallholder tree growing and small scale, wood-based enterprises may somewhat modify this picture. The realm of payments for ecological services is expanding rapidly and has a huge potential but the extent to which the poor will benefit remains uncertain. The choices relating to livelihood and poverty definitions, concepts and indicators clearly influence policy and project design, as well as research results and interpretations. Particularly promising topics for future study are identified within the fields of: assessing current forest-based benefits to the poor; exploring emerging market opportunities; and evaluating cross-cutting institutional and extra-sectoral issues.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/007-Infobrief.pdfBrochure4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1554ZWBridging the gap: communities, forests and international networksCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2003This infobrief provides key points that few international networks have direct local impacts. Most focus on providing information and services to national level actors, helping develop resources and skills to promote national and local change. Better links between international, national and local levels need to be fostered. Networking has proved helpful in many countries but much more needs to be done to insert international policy gains into national reform platforms. Maintaining trust and links with and between communities requires investments of time and resources. Communications strategies need to ensure communities are being reached, without over-reliance on computers (which can exclude their effective participation). Community forestry and networking need sustained support to build social movements and community based links - support that promotes accountability without imposing artificial goals or structures. Participatory evaluation helps networks reflect on their effectiveness and ability to reach those they seek to include. Networks must take care to recognise their inherent limitations and also, not substitute themselves for the voice of local communities. Multi-stakeholder decision-making, new partnerships and engagements with civil society all promise new opportunities for local actors to have their voices heard but also entail further risks of social exclusion.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/008-Infobrief.pdfBrochure4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1555ZWPlanning for woodcarving in the 21st centuryCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2002wood carvingindustryforest products industriespolicynon-timber forest productsThis info brief provides information on the positive and negative impacts, challenges and reformulation policy on woodcarving industry. The positive impacts in many developing countries are: to contribute significant income, provide safety net, and it links to tourism and adds considerable value to wood compared to others. The negative impacts are that it depletes raw materials and can affect biodiversity of indigenous forest and impacts negatively on livelihoods of some non-carver households. This brief than identify the challenges to sustain the woodcarving industry and to sustain the resource. Present policies neglect the significant economic and livelihood contributions of forest products other than timber. This brief concludes with recommendations to policy makers in Forestry, Tourism and Development sectors on reformulating the present policy.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/infobrief/001-Infobrief.pdfBrochure4p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1164ZWForest carbon for local livelihoodsMacDicken, K.Smith, J2000forestryguidelinesprojectsclean development mechanismcopy availableProjects implemented as part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol will have the dual mandate of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to sustainable development. It is not yet clear what, if any, forestry activities will be eligible for CDM. Nor is it known what rules will guide the implementation of CDM projects. These decisions have important implications for poor people who live in and around forests in developing countries. Suitably designed CDM forestry projects can significantly benefit local communities by supplementing and diversifying income, increasing access to forest goods and services, improving land productivity, developing the local knowledge base and local institutions and increasing the energy efficiency of using forest products. In some cases there will be trade-offs between the amount of greenhouse gas reductions sought and direct benefits to local livelihoods. Without adequate safeguards, some CDM activities could have negative effects on local people, such as denying them access to resources they depend on for their livelihood. Pro-active efforts will be needed in some cases to ensure that community-based CDM forestry projects and local land uses can compete effectively in carbon trading markets with projects managed by large-scale operators. As this policy brief describes, however, CDM guidelines can be designed to not only minimize the likelihood of negative effects on local communities but to directly improve their livelihoods while achieving net greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Proposed measures include: ·Explicitly including forest management and agroforestry in the CDM ·Implementing social impact assessments for all CDM projects ·Providing incentives for projects with multiple benefits ·Approving tonne-year carbon accounting ·Reducing transactions costs of community-based projects ·Building capacity at local, national and international levelsBrief12p.enCIFOR Head Quarter731ZWCapturing the value of forest carbon for local livelihoods: opportunities under the clean development mechanisms of the Kyoto protocolMacDicken, K.Smith, J2000clean development mechanismForest Carbonliving conditionslocal peopleemissionsocial impactCopy availableProjects implemented as part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol will have the dual mandate of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to sustainable development. It is not yet clear what, if any, forestry activities will be eligible for CDM. Nor is it known what rules will guide the implementation of CDM projects. These decisions have important implications for poor people who live in and around forests in developing countries. Suitably designed CDM forestry projects can significantly benefit local communities by supplementing and diversifying income, increasing access to forest goods and services, improving land productivity, developing the local knowledge base and local institutions and increasing the energy efficiency of using forest products. In some cases there will be trade-offs between the amount of greenhouse gas reductions sought and direct benefits to local livelihoods. Without adequate safeguards, some CDM activities could have negative effects on local people, such as denying them access to resources they depend on for their livelihood. Pro-active efforts will be needed in some cases to ensure that community-based CDM forestry projects and local land uses can compete effectively in carbon trading markets with projects managed by large-scale operators. As this policy brief describes, however, CDM guidelines can be designed to not only minimize the likelihood of negative effects on local communities but to directly improve their livelihoods while achieving net greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Proposed measures include: explicitly including forest management and agroforestry in the CDM;·implementing social impact assessments for all CDM projects; providing incentives for projects with multiple benefits; approving tonne-year carbon accounting; reducing transactions costs of community-based projects; and building capacity at local, national and international levelshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Carbon.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Carbon02f.pdfBrief16p.enCIFOR Head Quarter732ZWCaptando el valor del carbono del bosque para las comunidades locales: oportunidades existentes en el mecanismo de dessarollo limpio del protocolo KiotoMacDicken, K.Smith, J2000clean development mechanismForest Carbonliving conditionslocal peopleemissionsocial impactAlso available in English and French.Projects implemented as part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol will have the dual mandate of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to sustainable development. It is not yet clear what, if any, forestry activities will be eligible for CDM. Nor is it known what rules will guide the implementation of CDM projects. These decisions have important implications for poor people who live in and around forests in developing countries. Suitably designed CDM forestry projects can significantly benefit local communities by supplementing and diversifying income, increasing access to forest goods and services, improving land productivity, developing the local knowledge base and local institutions and increasing the energy efficiency of using forest products. In some cases there will be trade-offs between the amount of greenhouse gas reductions sought and direct benefits to local livelihoods. Without adequate safeguards, some CDM activities could have negative effects on local people, such as denying them access to resources they depend on for their livelihood. Pro-active efforts will be needed in some cases to ensure that community-based CDM forestry projects and local land uses can compete effectively in carbon trading markets with projects managed by large-scale operators. As this policy brief describes, however, CDM guidelines can be designed to not only minimize the likelihood of negative effects on local communities but to directly improve their livelihoods while achieving net greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Proposed measures include: explicitly including forest management and agroforestry in the CDM;·implementing social impact assessments for all CDM projects; providing incentives for projects with multiple benefits; approving tonne-year carbon accounting; reducing transactions costs of community-based projects; and building capacity at local, national and international levels.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Carbon02S.pdfBrief17p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1449ZWDefinir l'impact du carbone forestier sur les moyens de subsistance des populations locales: possibilites offertes par le mecanisme pour un developpment propre du protocole de KyotoSmith, J2000clean development mechanismForest Carbonliving conditionslocal peopleemissionsocial impactAlso available in English and Spanish.Projects implemented as part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol will have the dual mandate of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to sustainable development. It is not yet clear what, if any, forestry activities will be eligible for CDM. Nor is it known what rules will guide the implementation of CDM projects. These decisions have important implications for poor people who live in and around forests in developing countries. Suitably designed CDM forestry projects can significantly benefit local communities by supplementing and diversifying income, increasing access to forest goods and services, improving land productivity, developing the local knowledge base and local institutions and increasing the energy efficiency of using forest products. In some cases there will be trade-offs between the amount of greenhouse gas reductions sought and direct benefits to local livelihoods. Without adequate safeguards, some CDM activities could have negative effects on local people, such as denying them access to resources they depend on for their livelihood. Pro-active efforts will be needed in some cases to ensure that community-based CDM forestry projects and local land uses can compete effectively in carbon trading markets with projects managed by large-scale operators. As this policy brief describes, however, CDM guidelines can be designed to not only minimize the likelihood of negative effects on local communities but to directly improve their livelihoods while achieving net greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Proposed measures include: explicitly including forest management and agroforestry in the CDM;·implementing social impact assessments for all CDM projects; providing incentives for projects with multiple benefits; approving tonne-year carbon accounting; reducing transactions costs of community-based projects; and building capacity at local, national and international levelshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Carbon02f.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Carbon.pdfBrief16p.frCIFOR Head Quarter1450ZW