Moving Ahead with REDD: issues, options and implicationsAngelsen, A.Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008climatic changeemissioncarbonhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAngelsen0801.pdf978-979-1412-76-6Book156p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2601IDThe decentralization of forest governance: politics, Economics and the Fight for Control of Forests in Indonesian BorneoMoeliono, M.Wollenberg, E.Limberg, GEarthscan PublicationsLondon, UK20089781844075867Book320 p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2590IDRiquezas da floresta: frutas, plantas medicinais e artesanato na América LatinaLopez, C.Shanley, P.Fantini, A.C.edsCIFORBogor, Indonesia2008non-timber forest productsusesbarkrootsfoodsfruitsmedicinal plantscase studiesforest productswood carvingharvestingtradehandicraftsplantsseedsshootsexudatescommercializationAlso available in Spanish and English.This book compiles traditional and specialized knowledge about 26 plants used by rural and urban people in Latin America. The pages tell real-life stories about a wide range of forest products and the people who use and manage them. The book describes what we can learn from the people who carve out a living harvesting these forest products? The individual chapters illustrate how different forest foods, fibres and medicines are grown, harvested, processed and traded. Through these stories we learn about the history of such products - some of which have been used and traded for centuries, while others are relatively new. It also shows the various opportunities and problems that collectors and traders face, and the way they respond to change. In each case, the book describes the main characteristics of the forest product, its historical usage, harvesting and management, and how it is processed and traded. In closing, each author comments briefly on trends and current issues regarding the resource. The final chapter reviews common themes and lessons that can be drawn from these cases.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLopez0801S.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLopez0401E0.pdf979-24-4623-0Book140p.ptCIFOR Head Quarter2577MXPayments for watershed services: the Bellagio conservationAsquith, N.M.Wunder, S.edsFundación Natura BoliviaSanta Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia2008watershed managementpayment basis978-99905-971-0-3Book28p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2576MXMonitoreo de operaciones de manejo forestal en Concesiones con fines maderables de la Amazonia peruanaSabogal, C.Sobrevilla, V.edsCIFOR and INRENAPucallpa, Peru2007forest managementtimbersharvestingassessmentconcessionsBook134p.+ CD ROM.esCIFOR Head Quarter2570MXForest-related conflict: impacts, links and measures to mitigatede Koning, R.G.Capistrano, D.Yasmi, Y.Cerutti, P.ORights and Resources InitiativeWashington, D.C., USA2008tenure systemsgovernment policyconflictclimatic changecorruptionThis paper was first prepared for the conference &ldquo;Towards a New Global Forest Agenda: Rights, governance and major global challenges,&rdquo; organized by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and the Rights and Resources Initiative and held in Stockholm, Sweden, on 29 October 2007.Forest-based conflict is one of the major global challenges for the international forestry agenda together with poverty, climate change, conservation, and biofuels. In this paper, we will estimate the scope of the problem for people and forests, identify the role of forest rights and tenure as part of the cause of and solution to conflict, and project future challenges. We will recommend a set of actions that donors, govern¬ments, and civil society organizations should embark on to fight corruption, to tackle power imbalances, to clarify rights, to improve corporate responsibility, and to engage communities in resource management. Forest tenure and governance reform will not resolve the most violent conflicts that play out in forests around the world. However, forestry sectors can contribute to the creation of enabling environments for peace by preventing conflict escalation and by contributing to postconflict reconstruction. Engagements in structural forest-sector reform and forest-based investment are particularly needed in forest-rich and conflict-prone countries in the tropics. The ideas and projections included in this paper are preliminary and meant to stimulate reflection rather than to insist on particular conclusions. Book52p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2560MXCoping amidst chaos: Studies on Adaptive Collaborative Management from ZimbabweMandondo, A.Prabhu, R.Matose, FCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008rural developmentnatural resources managementpoverty alleviationaction researchparticipatory rural appraisalcommunity involvementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMandondo0801.pdf978-979-14-1264-3Book132p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2558ZWPayments for watershed services: the Bellagio conversationsAsquith, N.M.Wunder, S.edsFundación Natura BoliviaSanta Cruz, Bolivia2008watershed managementnature conservationpayment basisenvironmental serviceshttp://www.asb.cgiar.org/pdfwebdocs/PES_The_Bellagio_Conversations.pdf978-99905-971-0-3Book29p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2553ZWMás allá de la madera: certificación y manejo de productos forestales no maderablesShanley, P.Pierce, A.R.Laird, S.A.Robinson, DCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008certificationnon-timber forest productsforest managementrural communitiescommunity forestrytradestandardshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BShanley0801s.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BShanley0602.pdf978-979-1412-68-1Book148p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2548ZWBeyond timber: certification and management of non-timber forest productsShanley, P.Pierce, A.R.Laird, S.A.Robinson, DCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008certificationnon-timber forest productsforest managementrural communitiescommunity forestrytradetimbersstandardsBeyond Timber: Certification and Management of Non-Timber Forest Products is a valuable contribution and a practical guide for communities, researchers, policy makers, and donors interested in assessing the value of investing time and effort in the still elaborate and costly process of gaining independent international recognition of sound management practices directed to harvest of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Beyond Timber does not attempt to mask the difficulties of obtaining NTFP certification. The numerous case studies and examples cited by the book (drawing from 11 countries), make it clear that certification is still a major undertaking and challenge, especially for isolated forest communities. This book is especially helpful because it effectively identifies gaps in knowledge, community organizational capacity and legislation that still stand in the way of sound forest management. It also points out the false dilemma of having to choose between timber and non-timber forest management.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BShanley0801.pdf978-979-1412-44-5Book144p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2543ZWMonitoreo participativo para el manejo forestal en el tropico: una revision de herramientas, conceptos y lecciones aprendidasEvans, K.Guariguata, M.RCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest managementtropical forestsparticipationcommunity involvementrural communitiesmonitoringliterature reviewsAlso available in englishIn the past decade, understanding of the importance and role of monitoring in tropical forest management has changed significantly. Monitoring is no longer the exclusive purview of forest managers and scientists. Now local people are working with professionals to develop and implement programs together. This collaboration changes the dynamic of forest management, with monitoring assuming a central role by encouraging local people to ask questions about their forest and their forest-based livelihoods, think about change in a systematic way and respond with reasoned decision-making. Participatory monitoring becomes a mechanism that drives learning, adaptation and improvement&mdash; essential elements for sustainably managing tropical forests. There are now documented cases of participatory monitoring programs in tropical forests throughout the world. This book reviews recent experiences in participatory monitoring in tropical forest management and summarizes the concepts and lessons learned. It discusses impacts, challenges, and shortcomings of participatory monitoring and presents a matrix of case studies, methods and tools as a quick reference guide. Finally it provides recommendations for future directions in participatory monitoring. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGuariguata0801S.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGuariguata0801.pdf978-979-1412-71-1Book50p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2525ZWLivelihoods from forestry in Northeast IndiaDarlong, V.Barik, S.K.Tiwari, B.K.Kumar, C.Phanbuh, S.North Eastern Region Community Resource Management Project for Upland Areas (NERCORMP)Shillong, India2008livelihoodsforest policyresource managementsericulture978-81-904940-69BookenCIFOR Head Quarter2523INIncreasing benefits from forest: NERCORMP-IFAD'S forest based livelihoodinterventions in Meghalaya, IndiaPhanbuh, S.Albano, A.Darlong, VNorth Eastern Region Community Resource Management Project for Upland Areas (NERCORMP)Shillong, India2008livelihoodsforest productsintervention978-81-904940-52BookenCIFOR Head Quarter2522INRiches of the forest: food, spices, crafts and resins of Asia [Japanese]Lopez, C.Shanley, P.edsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008non-timber forest productsusesbirdsplantsfoodsfruitsmushroomsspicesresinscase studiesforest productsharvestingtradeJapanese contributors: Takeshi Toma, Seiichi Ohta and Maki Fukushimma <br/>Also available in English and IndonesianThis book contains 20 case studies that explain how a selection of forest resources featuring forest plans, animals and fungi are harvested, processed and traded. The botanical cases are presented according to the main part of the plant being used - the fruit, bark or resin. Sometimes the plants have multiple uses, or different cultures may use the same part of a particular plant in different ways. Animals and animal products that require forest habitat are also critical for rural livelihoods, and are represented in this volume by edible bird's nests and insect larvae. In each case, the book describes the main characteristics of the forest product, its historical usage, harvesting and management, and how it is processed and traded. In closing, each author comments briefly on trends and current issues regarding the resource. The final chapter reviews common themes and lessons that can be drawn from these cases.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLopez0801J0.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/NTFP-Asia-case.pdf978-979-1412-66-7Book118p.jaCIFOR Head Quarter2519INSite management and productivity in tropical plantation forests: Proceedings of Workshops in Piracicaba (Brazil) 22-26 November 2004 and Bogor (Indonesia) 6-9 November 2006Nambiar, E.K.S.edCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest plantationsproductivitysoil chemical propertiesimpactshort rotation forestrysilvicultural systemsresearch projectsconferencesbiophysicsforest managementThese proceedings present results from research done for a decade in the CIFOR project Site Management and Productivity in Tropical Plantations. They include papers presented at a workshop in Brazil in November 2004 and then updated at a workshop in November 2006 at Bogor, Indonesia. These papers complement the proceedings in the series published by CIFOR in 2004, 2000, and 1999. Currently the research network includes 16 sites in 8 countries representing a range of biophysical environments, species, productivity potentials and management strategies. Research is focused on inter-rotation site management. Good management of this phase, between harvesting and tree establishment in the next rotation, is critical for the future outcome of plantations. During this phase, there is potential for soil degradation, but also opportunities to introduce sound new technologies to improve long-term productivity and soil properties. Although the species, the site, and soil problems vary according to local conditions, all experiments are designed to provide knowledge that will benefit all plantation growers and our understanding of the underlying processes which enable us to increase and sustain plantation productivity with environmental care.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKallio0801.pdf978-979-1412-58-2Book236p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2517INMedium term plan 2009-2011: Center for International Forestry ResearchCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forestryforest managementresearch policyresearch projectsdevelopment plansresearch institutesCIFORhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/CIFOR_MTP_2009-2011.pdfBook103p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2501INCIFOR&rsquo;s strategy 2008&ndash;2018: making a difference for forests and peopleCIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest managementforest policyresearch projectsresearch institutesdevelopment plansplanningCIFORhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/CIFORStrategy0801.pdfBook51p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2499INParticipatory monitoring in tropical forest management: a review of tools, concepts and lessons learnedEvans, K.Guariguata, M.RCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forest managementtropical forestsparticipationcommunity involvementrural communitiesmonitoringliterature reviewsguidelinesIn the past decade, understanding of the importance and role of monitoring in tropical forest management has changed significantly. Monitoring is no longer the exclusive purview of forest managers and scientists. Now local people are working with professionals to develop and implement programs together. This collaboration changes the dynamic of forest management, with monitoring assuming a central role by encouraging local people to ask questions about their forest and their forest-based livelihoods, think about change in a systematic way and respond with reasoned decision-making. Participatory monitoring becomes a mechanism that drives learning, adaptation and improvement&mdash; essential elements for sustainably managing tropical forests. There are now documented cases of participatory monitoring programs in tropical forests throughout the world. This book reviews recent experiences in participatory monitoring in tropical forest management and summarizes the concepts and lessons learned. It discusses impacts, challenges, and shortcomings of participatory monitoring and presents a matrix of case studies, methods and tools as a quick reference guide. Finally it provides recommendations for future directions in participatory monitoring. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGuariguata0801.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGuariguata0801S.pdf978-979-1412-63-6Book50p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2486INPanduan pemberdayaan lembaga masyarakat desa hutan (LMDH)Awang, S.A.Widayanti, W.T.Himmah, B.Astuti, A.Septiana, R.M.SolehudinNovenanto, AFrench Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Pusat Kajian Hutan Rakyat, Universitas Gadjah MadaMontpellier, France2008community forestrycommunity developmentforest managementparticipationinstitutionsplanningmonitoringguidelineshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAwang0801Ina.pdf978-979-1412-60-5Bookvii, 158p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2457IDRehabilitasi hutan di Indonesia: akan kemanakah arahnya setelah lebih dari tiga dasawarsa?Nawir, A.A.MurniatiRumboko, L.Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008forestsdegraded forestsrehabilitationforest plantationsafforestationforest policyprojectsfundingcase studieshistorydevelopment planssocioeconomicsreviewsAlso available in EnglishRehabilitation activities in Indonesia have a long-history of more than three decades, implemented in more than 400 locations. Successful projects are characterised by the active involvement of local people, and the technical intervention used tailored to address the specific ecological causes of degradation that concern local people. However, sustaining the positive impacts beyond the project time is still the biggest challenge. Rehabilitation efforts have been lagging behind the increasing rates of deforestation and land degradation. This has been largely due to the complexities of the driving factors causing the degradation, which neither projects nor have other government programmes been able to simultaneously address. Currently, there are more complex driving factors of deforestation to be dealt with, such as illegal logging and forest encroachment. Therefore, addressing the causes of deforestation and land degradation, which usually are also the continuing disturbances threatening sustainable rehabilitation activities, should be part of the project&rsquo;s priorities. Designing the right economic and social incentives is important to stimulate greater community roles in rehabilitation initiatives. Project derived economic and livelihood benefits, generated from ecological improvements, tend to sustain in the long-term more than the benefits from project-based economic opportunities. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BNawir0801Ina.pdf978-979-1412-35-3Book283p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2455IDLessons from forest decentralization: money, justice and the quest for good governance in Asia-Pacific.Colfer, C.J.P.Dahal, G.R.Capistrano, D.edsEarthscanLondon, UK2008decentralizationforestryforest managementproperty rightsright of accessforest policygender relationsforest economicsresearchThe decentralization of control over the vast forests of the world is moving at a rapid pace with both positive and negative ramifications for people and forests themselves. Fresh research from a host of Asia-Pacific countries presents rich and varied experience with decentralization and provides important lessons for other regions. Beginning with historical and geographical overview chapters, the book proceeds to more in-depth coverage in the region's countries. Research findings stress rights, roles and responsibilities on the one hand, and institutions including organization, capacity building, infrastructure and legal aspects on the other. With these overarching themes in mind, the authors take on many controversial topics and address practical challenges related to financing and reinvestment in sustainable forest management under decentralized governance. Particular efforts have been made to examine decentralization at various scales from local to national and to address gender issues. The result is a unique examination of decentralization issues in forestry with clear lessons for policy, social equity, forest management, research, development and conservation in forested areas across the globe from the tropics to temperate regions978-1-844075553Book240p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2450IDCIFOR annual report 2007: pathways to impactCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2008CIFORforest managementforest policyresearch projectsreportsresearch instituteshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2007.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/Corporate/AnnualReports/English2007/ar_2007.htm978-979-14-1216-2Book68p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2447IDHuman health and forests: a global overview of issues, practice and policyColfer, C.J.P.edEarthscanLondon, UK2008978-1-84407-523-4Book374p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2434IDHyeronima alchorneoides: ecología y silvicultura en Costa RicaMontero M., M.De los Santos Posadas, H.Kanninen, MCATIETurrialba, Costa Rica2007silvicultureecologyspeciesHyeronima chocoencisforest plantations978-9977-57-434-9Book50p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2433CRManaging forest resources in a decentralized environment: lessons learnt from the Malinau research forest, East Kalimantan, IndonesiaGunarso, P.Setyawati, T.Sunderland, T.C.H.Shackleton, C.edsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007natural resourcesforest managementdecentralizationlocal governmenturbanizationforestsutilizationnature conservationland use planningwildlife conservationhealthsocial changeresearch projectsTechnical Report of ITTO PD 39/00 Rev. 3(F) - Sustainable collaborative forest management: meeting the challenges of decentralization in the Bulungan model foresthttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGunarso0801.pdf978-979-24-4688-3Book190p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2420IDImproving forest benefits for the poor: learning from community-based forest enterprises in NepalPandit, B.H.Albano, A.Kumar, CCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008community forestryenterprisescooperativesincomelivelihoodsconstraintsinstitutionscapacity buildingguidelinesThe study documents practices of 28 community-based forest enterprises (CBFEs) in Nepal, representing different enterprise models - FUGs (CFUGs or LFUGs), networks, cooperatives, and companies. FUGs are primarily constrained by their limited scale in terms of membership and land area. The formation of intergroups and networks minimizes this limitation. Networks are often constrained from doing group enterprises since they do not have legal identity to transact as a group and this constraint can be overcome by registering as a formal business entity - either as a cooperative or a company. Specific constraints to cooperatives and companies were also identified and the effective practices presented. The study highlighted many constraints to enterprise development targeting to include and benefit the poorest of the poor. One good practice is the provision of a revolving fund by donors that will enable the poor to buy shares in the cooperative or company. Other practices include offering labour opportunities to the poorest (e.g. NTFP collection and factory labour), and representation of the poorest and marginalized in FUG executive committees. Recommendations include replicating the good practices of the CBFEs while improving on their weaknesses such as federating and formalizing FUGs into networks, cooperatives, or private companies; adding value to variation forest products; increasing equity in distribution of benefits; promoting resource sustainability; and the capacity building of the various stakeholders.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbano0801.pdf978-979-1412-37-7Book47p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2419NPInstitutionalization of confict capability in the management of natural resources: theoretical perspectives and empirical experience in IndonesiaYasmi, YWageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands2007conflictnatural resources management(Ph.D. Thesis) - Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands978-90-8504-720-9Book188p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2408IDInvesting in indigenous natural resource managementLuckert, M.Campbell, B.M.Gorman, J.T.Garnett, S.T.Charles Darwin University PressDarwin, Australia2007978-0-9803-8464-2Book107p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2395IDPoverty and decentralisation in Kutai Barat: the impacts of regional autonomy on Dayak Benuaq wellbeingHaug, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forest resourcesdecentralizationlocal governmentethnic groupstraditional societycommunity forestrypovertywellbeingrural welfareperceptionconflictsocioeconomicsThis report is an integral part of a project on: Making local government more responsive to the poor: developing indicators and tools to support sustainable livelihood under decentralization. This report also available in Indonesianhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BHaug0701E.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BHaug0701I.pdf978-979-1421-40-7Book48p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2358IDKemiskinan dan desentralisasi di Kutai Barat: dampak otonomi daerah terhadap kesejahteraan Dayak BenuaqHaug, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forest resourcesdecentralizationlocal governmentethnic groupstraditional societycommunity forestrypovertywellbeingrural welfareperceptionconflictsocioeconomicsLaporan ini merupakan bagian dari proyect tentang Menjadikan pemerintah daerah yang lebih tanggap terhadap warga miskin: mengembangkan indikator dan alat untuk mendukung pembangunan perikehidupan yang berkelanjutan dalam desentralisasi. This report also available in EnglishLaporan penelitian ini menyajikan hasil penelitian lapangan yang dilakukan di Kutai Barat, Kalimantan Timur sebagai bagian dari proyek Menjadikan Pemerintah Daerah Lebih Tanggap Terhadap Kemiskinan: Pengembangan Indikator dan Alat untuk Mendukung Pengembangan Penghidupan yang Berkelanjutan dalam Desentralisasi yang didanai CIFORBMZ. Laporan menunjukkan bahwa dampak otonomi daerah terhadap kesejahteraan Dayak Benuaq, masyarakat yang bergantung pada hutan, kelompok mayoritas masyarakat di Kutai Barat. Laporan ini menyajikan persepsi masyarakat Dayak Benuaq tentang kemiskinan dan kesejahteraan, mendokumentasikan perubahan yang terjadi setelah desentralisasi dan menjelaskan hubungan sebab akibat di balik proses-proses yang sedang berlangsung sambil memahami keterkaitannya dengan otonomi daerah.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BHaug0701I.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BHaug0701E.pdf978-979-1412-46-9Book48p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2359IDBelajar dari Bungo: mengelola sumberdaya alam di era desentralisasiAdnan, H.Tadjudin, D.Yuliani, L.Komarudin, H.Lopulalan, D.Siagian, Y.Munggoro, D.Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008decentralizationforest managementagroforestrynatural resources managementrubber plantsforestscommunity forestrycommunity involvementcommunity actioninstitutionsproperty rightsconflictpolicyeconomic impactlocal governmentSince President Soeharto stepped down, decentralization has offered a better governance system for this nation of more than 220 million people of varied ethnic groups spread over more than 15,000 islands. Despite its potential, implementation of decentralization has been riddled with unexpected problems. Decentralization turned out to have created problems, ranging from conflicts among people who refused regional fragmentation, conflicts between newly-created districts and the original, larger district from which they were created, and between local and central government. Problems with forest and forestry are no exception. Since decentralization took effect in 2001, it has contributed to deforestation. FAO even mentions that annual deforestation has reached about 1,87 million ha. In the midst of the misery of Indonesia&rsquo;s forestry, many stakeholders strive to build a better forestry system. One group of these lives and works in Bungo district, in the province of Jambi in Sumatra, where committed stakeholders have searched for a better strategy for managing their local natural resources. Since the 1990s, NGOs, universities, international research institutes and others engaged in research and programmes have worked together and accomplished a great deal, including the establishment of multistakeholder processes and the recognition of customary community laws. This book is a collection of research results, lessons and experiences developed by various parties, aiming to fully and comprehensively depict how decentralization has taken place and show the impacts on local livelihoods and natural resource management. The book provides many insightful and valuable experiences and lessons. Learning from Bungo consists of 26 chapters, a foreword by Zulfikar Ahmad, the Head of Bungo District and closing remarks by Erna Rosdiana, the Directorate General of Land Rehabilitation and Social Forestry, Ministry of Forestry. The first part paints a portrait of Bungo district, its abundant natural resources and the changes in forest cover in recent years. The second part presents the importance of local wisdom and knowledge in anticipating new threats and challenges from the external environment. The third part deals with the ecological and economic aspects of local resources. Finally, Part four describes conflicts over natural resources and some thoughts on local adaptation through collaboration and collective action among stakeholders to resolve the problems.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAdnan0801.pdfCIFOR Publication465p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2357IDAtlas of wooden furniture industry in Jepara, IndonesiaRoda, J-M.Cadene, P.Guizol, P.Santoso, L.Fauzan, A.UCIRAD and CIFORBogor, Indonesia2007furnitureforest products industriesteaksmall businesseslocation of productioncentral placestradelabourincomesocioeconomicsspatial analysishttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRoda0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRoda0701i.pdf978-979-1412-12-4Book52p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2354IDAdaptive collaborative management of community forests in Asia: experiences from Nepal, Indonesia and the PhilippinesFisher, R.Prabhu, R.McDougall, C.edsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BFisher0701.pdf978-979-1412-37-7Book228p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2350IDBelajar sambil mengajar: menghadapi perubahan sosial untuk pengelolaan sumberdaya alamMulyana, A.Adnan, H.Indriatmoko, Y.Priyono, A.Moeliono, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2008learningfacilitationparticipationsocial changeplanningnatural resources managementadaptationguidelineshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMulyana0701.pdf978-979-14-1249-0Book74p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2349IDMenuju kesejahteraan: pemantauan kemiskinan di Kutai Barat, IndonesiaGonner, C.Cahyat, A.Haug, M.Limberg, GCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertylocal governmentdecentralizationforestsrural communitiesnatural resourceswellbeingAlso available in EnglishKemiskinan adalah masalah yang persisten di Indonesia. Tujuh tahun setelah dimulainya desentralisasi hanya terlihat sedikit peningkatan pada kesejahteraan masyarakat. Pemerintah daerah telah memperoleh kesempatan dan tanggung jawab baru untuk melaksanakan pembangunan, tetapi hanya beberapa kabupaten saja yang mempunyai kemampuan dan pengalaman yang diperlukan untuk mengurangi kemiskinan secara efektif. Laporan ini menyajikan potret kemiskinan dan kesejahteraan di Kutai Barat, sebuah kabupaten yang baru didirikan pada tahun 1999. Hasil survei terhadap sekitar 10000 rumah tangga dari 222 desa, 6 penelitian khusus mengenai masyarakat, data penginderaan jarak jauh dan beberapa lokakarya, menunjukkan aspek-aspek kesejahteraan mana yang berada dalam kondisi kritis dan di bagian mana intervensi sangat dibutuhkan segera. Laporan ini menganalisa sebab-sebab kemiskinan dan memberikan rekomendasi praktis untuk membantu pemerintah daerah meningkatkan perencanaan pembangunan dan program pengurangan kemiskinan Poverty is a persistent problem throughout Indonesia. Seven years after decentralisation began there is little improvement in the wellbeing of rural people. Local governments have received new opportunities and responsibilities for development, but few districts have the necessary capacity and experience to effectively reduce poverty. This report provides a portrait of household poverty and wellbeing in Kutai Barat, a district that was only established in 1999. The results of a survey of more than 10,000 households from 222 villages, 6 in-depth community studies, remote sensing and several workshops, show which aspects of wellbeing are in critical condition and where interventions are most urgently needed. The report analyses poverty causes and gives practical recommendations to help the local government improve its development planning and poverty reduction.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGoenner0701Ina.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGoenner0701.pdf978-979-1412-34-9Book99p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2345IDMenuju kesejahteraan: pemantauan kemiskinan di Malinau, IndonesiaMoeliono, M.Limberg, G.Gonner, C.Wollenberg, E.Iwan, RCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertycausesrural communitieswellbeinghousehold surveysmonitoringdecentralizationlocal governmentnatural resourcesdevelopment planningguidelinesAlso available in EnglishPoverty is a persistent problem throughout Indonesia. With decentralization, local governments had a new direct role in alleviating poverty and local wellbeing. At the same time they could do so in accordance with local realities and development needs. Yet, there is little improvement in the wellbeing of rural people. Local governments may lack the necessary capacity and experience to reduce poverty effectively. This report shows how a local specific monitoring system can be developed and applied. The results of its application in Malinau provides an indicative view of poverty and shows which aspects of wellbeing are in critical condition and where interventions are most urgently needed. The report analyses poverty causes and gives practical recommendations to help local government improve its development planning and poverty reduction.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMoeliono0701I.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMoeliono0701E.pdf978-979-1412-34-6Book78p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2344IDTowards wellbeing: monitoring poverty in Malinau, IndonesiaMoeliono, M.Limberg, G.Gonner, C.Wollenberg, E.Iwan, RCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertycausesrural communitieswellbeinghousehold surveysmonitoringdecentralizationlocal governmentnatural resourcesdevelopment planningguidelinesAlso available in IndonesianPoverty is a persistent problem throughout Indonesia. With decentralization, local governments had a new direct role in alleviating poverty and local wellbeing. At the same time they could do so in accordance with local realities and development needs. Yet, there is little improvement in the wellbeing of rural people. Local governments may lack the necessary capacity and experience to reduce poverty effectively. This report shows how a local specific monitoring system can be developed and applied. The results of its application in Malinau provides an indicative view of poverty and shows which aspects of wellbeing are in critical condition and where interventions are most urgently needed. The report analyses poverty causes and gives practical recommendations to help local government improve its development planning and poverty reduction.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMoeliono0701E.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMoeliono0701I.pdf978-979-1412-45-2Book74p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2343IDMengkaji kemiskinan dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga: sebuah panduan dengan contoh dari Kutai Barat, IndonesiaCahyat, A.Gonner, C.Haug, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertysocial welfareindicatorsmonitoringdata analysisdata collectioninterviewsrural communitieslocal governmentdecentralizationhandbooksguidelinesTranslated from English version entitled: Assessing household poverty and wellbeing: a manual with examples from Kutai Barat, Indonesiahttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCahyat0701I.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCahyat0701.pdf978-979-1412-28-5Book121p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2335IDNegotiated learning: collaborative monitoring in forest resource managementGuijt, I.edResources For the FutureWashington, D.C., USA2007monitoringsocial learningnatural resources managementcriteria and indicatorsresource managementadaptationcommunity forestrycollaborationforest managementcase studies978-1-933115-38-2 (pbk); 978-1-933115-39-9 (hbk)Bookxiii, 167p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2323BOPoverty and forests: multi-country analysis of spatial association and proposed policy solutionsSunderlin, W.D.Dewi, S.Puntodewo, ACenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertypoverty alleviationforest resourcesspatial distributionspatial variationland ownershipforest productsmarketscommunity forestrycompaniespartnershipsThis paper examines poverty and deforestation in developing countries as linked problems and focuses on policies that can favour poverty alleviation in forested regions. The paper encompasses two elements: analysis of the spatial coincidence between poverty and forests, and proposed policy options for reducing poverty in forested areas. It is assumed that three key frames of reference must be borne in mind in order to produce the best possible policies: (1) the location of the rural poor and types and levels of poverty in relation to forest resources; (2) variations in the density of forest cover in relation to distance from urban areas (the von Thünen scale); and (3) variations in forest cover over time (high, low, then partial restoration) in relation to a country&rsquo;s forest transition experience. There are three main conclusions linked to these frames of reference. (1) Although relatively few people live in areas of high forest cover, they tend to be characterised by high rates of poverty and they are among the &lsquo;poorest of the poor&rsquo;. (2) Four policy approaches are recommended for lifting people out of poverty: transfer of ownership of forest lands from governments to forest dwellers; facilitation of access to forest product markets; promotion of commercial-scale community forestry and company&ndash;community partnerships; and establishment of payments for forest environmental services that are pro-poor. Implementation of these four strategies must take into account the implications of the four von Thünen zones (periurban, agricultural mosaic, forest frontier, and relatively undisturbed forests). (3) One cannot place blind faith in economic growth and laissez-faire for reducing poverty in forested areas. Strategic policy interventions are necessary to assist the process of livelihood improvement. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/OccPapers/OP-47.pdf978-979-14-1221-6Book44p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2294BRTowards wellbeing in forest communities: a source book for local governmentCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertylocal governmentdecentralizationforestsrural communitiesrural developmentmonitoringmappinggeographical information systemsindicatorssocial welfarehandbooksaction researchThis publication is a collaborative effort by the following researchers: Marco Antonio Albornoz, Michel Becker, Ade Cahyat, Peter Cronkleton, Wil de Jong, Kristen Evans, Dante Fuentes, Christian Gönner, Rolando Haches, Michaela Haug, Ramses Iwan, Godwin Limberg, Moira Moeliono, Eva Wollenberg Governments in many countries are decentralising to give more control over decision making and budgets to local administrations. One expectation of this change is that local governments will more effectively and efficiently respond to the poorest citizens in their jurisdictions. Decentralisation is especially significant to forest communities, which have historically benefited little from government services and poverty reduction programmes because of their physical isolation and social marginalisation. This Source Book was written for local governments and their partners who hope to respond to the needs of forest communities and improve the wellbeing of their people. It first discusses important concepts, such as decentralisation, wellbeing, poverty and the link between forests and poverty. It then presents four participatory tools that local governments may find useful to involve forest communities in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of development and poverty alleviation programmes, namely: monitoring local poverty contexts through interactive mapping; monitoring household wellbeing through local indicators; community evaluation of local government programmes; and communicating communities&rsquo; needs through scenario-based planning. The Source Book is based on the findings of an action research project carried out in forest communities in Indonesia and Bolivia by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). Although developed and tested in just two countries, the concepts and tools apply to people and governments around the globe.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701Ina.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701SP.pdf978-979-1412-20-9Book90p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2290BOTowards wellbeing: monitoring poverty in Kutai Barat, IndonesiaGonner, C.Cahyat, A.Haug, M.Limberg, GCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertylocal governmentdecentralizationforestsrural communitiesnatural resourceswellbeingAlso available in IndonesianPoverty is a persistent problem throughout Indonesia. Seven years after decentralisation began there is little improvement in the wellbeing of rural people. Local governments have received new opportunities and responsibilities for development, but few districts have the necessary capacity and experience to effectively reduce poverty. This report provides a portrait of household poverty and wellbeing in Kutai Barat, a district that was only established in 1999. The results of a survey of more than 10,000 households from 222 villages, 6 in-depth community studies, remote sensing and several workshops, show which aspects of wellbeing are in critical condition and where interventions are most urgently needed. The report analyses poverty causes and gives practical recommendations to help the local government improve its development planning and poverty reduction.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGoenner0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BGoenner0701Ina.pdf978-979-1412-10-0Book93p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2291IDMenuju kesejahteraan dalam masyarakat hutan: buku panduan untuk pemerintah daerahCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertylocal governmentdecentralizationforestsrural communitiesrural developmentmonitoringmappinggeographical information systemsindicatorssocial welfarehandbooksaction researchThis publication is a collaborative effort by the following researchers: Marco Antonio Albornoz, Michel Becker, Ade Cahyat, Peter Cronkleton, Wil de Jong, Kristen Evans, Dante Fuentes, Christian Gönner, Rolando Haches, Michaela Haug, Ramses Iwan, Godwin Limberg, Moira Moeliono, Eva Wollenberg Governments in many countries are decentralising to give more control over decision making and budgets to local administrations. One expectation of this change is that local governments will more effectively and efficiently respond to the poorest citizens in their jurisdictions. Decentralisation is especially significant to forest communities, which have historically benefited little from government services and poverty reduction programmes because of their physical isolation and social marginalisation. This Source Book was written for local governments and their partners who hope to respond to the needs of forest communities and improve the wellbeing of their people. It first discusses important concepts, such as decentralisation, wellbeing, poverty and the link between forests and poverty. It then presents four participatory tools that local governments may find useful to involve forest communities in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of development and poverty alleviation programmes, namely: monitoring local poverty contexts through interactive mapping; monitoring household wellbeing through local indicators; community evaluation of local government programmes; and communicating communities&rsquo; needs through scenario-based planning. The Source Book is based on the findings of an action research project carried out in forest communities in Indonesia and Bolivia by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). Although developed and tested in just two countries, the concepts and tools apply to people and governments around the globe.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701Ina.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701SP.pdf978-979-1412-32-2Book98p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2401BOHacia el bienestar de las comunidades forestales: guía para la acción de los gobiernos localesCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertylocal governmentdecentralizationforestsrural communitiesrural developmentmonitoringmappinggeographical information systemsindicatorssocial welfarehandbooksaction researchThis publication is a collaborative effort by the following researchers: Marco Antonio Albornoz, Michel Becker, Ade Cahyat, Peter Cronkleton, Wil de Jong, Kristen Evans, Dante Fuentes, Christian Gönner, Rolando Haches, Michaela Haug, Ramses Iwan, Godwin Limberg, Moira Moeliono, Eva Wollenberg Governments in many countries are decentralising to give more control over decision making and budgets to local administrations. One expectation of this change is that local governments will more effectively and efficiently respond to the poorest citizens in their jurisdictions. Decentralisation is especially significant to forest communities, which have historically benefited little from government services and poverty reduction programmes because of their physical isolation and social marginalisation. This Source Book was written for local governments and their partners who hope to respond to the needs of forest communities and improve the wellbeing of their people. It first discusses important concepts, such as decentralisation, wellbeing, poverty and the link between forests and poverty. It then presents four participatory tools that local governments may find useful to involve forest communities in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of development and poverty alleviation programmes, namely: monitoring local poverty contexts through interactive mapping; monitoring household wellbeing through local indicators; community evaluation of local government programmes; and communicating communities&rsquo; needs through scenario-based planning. The Source Book is based on the findings of an action research project carried out in forest communities in Indonesia and Bolivia by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). Although developed and tested in just two countries, the concepts and tools apply to people and governments around the globe.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701SP.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlbornoz0701Ina.pdf978-979-1412-31-5Book98p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2402BOAtlas industri mebel kayu di Jepara, IndonesiaRoda, J-M.Cadene, P.Guizol, P.Santoso, L.Fauzan, A.UCIRAD and CIFORBogor, Indonesia2007furnitureforest products industriesteaksmall businesseslocation of productioncentral placestradelabourincomesocioeconomicsspatial analysishttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRoda0701i.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRoda0701.pdf978-979-1412-13-1Book54p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2288BOLes fruitiers forestiers comestibles du CamerounEyog Matig, O.Ndoye, O.Kengue, J.Awono, A.edsInternational Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) Regional Office for West and Central AfricaCotonou, Benin2006fruitsfruit treesspeciesdescriptionsutilizationsocioeconomicsnon-timber forest products978-92-9043-707-9 and 92-9043-707-3Book203p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2287CMField guide to the rattans of AfricaSunderland, T.C.HKew Publishing, Royal Botanic GardenKew, UK2007canes and rattansdescriptionsspeciesidentificationtaxonomyhandbooksAlthough palms are relatively poorly represented on the African continent, with only around 50 species, the products derived from palms nonetheless play a crucial role in the livelihoods of local people. This book is the first identification aid for the rattan palms of the entire continent. It aims to help field and development agency workers, conservationists and students to identify these widely used climbing palms to species level regardless of their experience or botanical expertise. All of the species are illustrated with botanical drawings and photographs. This detailed and richly illustrated book will be an invaluable resource for all with interests in the economic botany and taxonomy of the tropical forests of Africa. It describes all species of African rattan palms, provides keys and other tools to aid identification, and extensively illustrated with photographs, line drawings and maps.978-1-842461-80-8Book66p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2286CMCIFOR annual report 2006: building on successCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2007CIFORforest managementforest policyresearch projectsreportsresearch instituteshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2006.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/Corporate/AnnualReports/English2006/ar_2006.htm978-979-14-1216-2Book60p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2282CMRealizing community futures: a practical guide to harnessing natural resourcesVanclay, J.K.Prabhu, R.Sinclair, FEarthscanLondon, UK2006natural resourcesresource managementsocial participationdecision makingcommunity involvementmathematical modelsguidelineshandbooks978-1-84407-383-2Book162p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2276CMForest rehabilitation in Indonesia: where to after three decades?Nawir, A.A.MurniatiRumboko, L.Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forestsdegraded forestsrehabilitationforest plantationsafforestationforest policyprojectsfundingcase studieshistorydevelopment planssocioeconomicsreviewsAlso available in IndonesianRehabilitation activities in Indonesia have a long-history of more than three decades, implemented in more than 400 locations. Successful projects are characterised by the active involvement of local people, and the technical intervention used tailored to address the specific ecological causes of degradation that concern local people. However, sustaining the positive impacts beyond the project time is still the biggest challenge. Rehabilitation efforts have been lagging behind the increasing rates of deforestation and land degradation. This has been largely due to the complexities of the driving factors causing the degradation, which neither projects nor have other government programmes been able to simultaneously address. Currently, there are more complex driving factors of deforestation to be dealt with, such as illegal logging and forest encroachment. Therefore, addressing the causes of deforestation and land degradation, which usually are also the continuing disturbances threatening sustainable rehabilitation activities, should be part of the project&rsquo;s priorities. Designing the right economic and social incentives is important to stimulate greater community roles in rehabilitation initiatives. Project derived economic and livelihood benefits, generated from ecological improvements, tend to sustain in the long-term more than the benefits from project-based economic opportunities. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BNawir0701.pdf978-979-14-1205-6Book269p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2274IDRegional action plan for the conservation of the cross river gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli)Oates, J.Sunderland-Groves, J.Bergl, R.Dunn, A.Nicholas, A.Takang, E.Omeni, F.Imong, I.Fotso, R.Nkembi, L.Williamson, LIUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group and Conservation InternationalArlington, VA, USA2007gorrilasPrimateswildlife conservationdevelopment plansregional planningcommunity involvementlivelihoodsendangered speciesguidelinesconferences978-1-934151-02-0Book36p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2271NGCAMPFIRE and payments for environmental servicesFrost, P.Bond, IIIED2006http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/15503IIED.pdfhttp://www.iied.org/pubs/display.php?o=15503IIED&n=1&l=1&a=Frost978-1-84369-627-8Book35p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2270NGAssessing household poverty and wellbeing: a manual with examples from Kutai Barat, IndonesiaCahyat, A.Gonner, C.Haug, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007povertysocial welfaremonitoringindicatorsdata collectiondata analysislocal governmentdecentralizationguidelineshandbooksAlso available in Indonesian entitled: Mengkaji kemiskinan dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga: sebuah panduan dengan contoh dari Kutai Barat, Indonesia.The manual reflects the results of a 3-year participatory learning process that comprised many meetings, workshops, village case studies, a baseline survey of 20 poor villages, two monitoring trials in another 20 villages, and a full monitoring survey of all 223 villages in Kutai Barat. The principal purpose of this manual is to provide technical guidelines and background information to poverty assessors at district, subdistrict and village level in Kutai Barat. Therefore, the manual is structured in modules according to the tasks of the assessors. It describes the poverty monitoring system step by step, from the development of local poverty indicators to the final analysis and application of monitoring data.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCahyat0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCahyat0701I.pdf978-979-1412-08-0Book108p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2265NGLaunching the partnership and assessing the challenges ahead: learning lessons year 1 and 2: forest partnership from Kalimantan districts to the global market placePrasetyo, F.A.Obidzinski, K.Dermawan, ACenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forest managementgovernancepartnershipsworld marketsdevelopment programmesThe Kalimantan Forest Partnership comes under the umbrella of the Asia Forest Partnership (AFP). It arose from a commitment made in 2002 at the World Summit in Johannesburg by the Netherlands&rsquo; Government to support the AFP&rsquo;s efforts to promote sustainable forest management in Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Kalimantan activities are promoting collaboration among various parties and stakeholders, and linking improved forest governance in Kalimantan to international trade in Asia and Europe.This report details the lessons learned from the collaborative activities in Kalimantan. It also examines the current state of forest governance in Indonesia, the conversion of forest lands, and how international markets might influence Indonesia and Kalimantan&rsquo;s forestry sector. The report also looks at the Kalimantan forest partnership&rsquo;s response to regional problems, overviews its successes and analyzes its capacity building initiatives. The report also offers several recommendations for helping to ensure the partnership achieves its stated goal of &ldquo;improved forest governance and sustainable forest management&rdquo;.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BPrasetyo0701.pdf978-979-1412-11-7Book73p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2264IDLa foret en Republique Democratique du Congo post-conflict: analyse d'un agenda prioritaireDebroux, L.Hart, T.Kaimowitz, D.Karsenty, A.Topa, G.edsCIFOR, The World Bank, CIRADBogor, Indonesia2007forest policyrural developmentnature conservationforest managementconflictA joint report by teams of the World Bank, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Centre International de Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), African Wildlife Foundation (AWF), Conseil National des ONG de Développement du Congo (CNONGD), Conservation International (CI), Groupe de Travail Forêts (GTF), Ligue Nationale des Pygmées du Congo (LINAPYCO), Netherlands Development Organisation (SNV), Réseau des Partenaires pour l&rsquo;Environnement au Congo (REPEC), Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC), World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).Forests are ubiquitous in the Democratic Republic of Congo; they touch the cultural and economic life of most of the population and have enormous global environmental significance. After years of conflicts and mismanagement, reconstruction is key to improving living conditions and consolidating peace. At the same time, better roads and trade bring risks&mdash;threatening forests and biodiversity by facilitating logging, land conversion, and the seizure of forest rights by vested interests. Anticipating these threats, in 2002, the transitional government started a Priority Reform Agenda. This report analyses the soundness of this Agenda, the progress achieved to date, and the priorities for the future. It emphasises the nature of forests as a public good; and the importance of the rule of law, transparency and public participation in managing natural resources. It highlights the multiplicity of claims on forests; calls for multipurpose participatory land-use planning; and emphasises the need to secure traditional user rights. Beyond the risks, the return of peace to the DRC also offers a unique opportunity to take a fresh look at the second-largest rainforest in the world, and to implement innovative strategies that give priority to the environment and to local people.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCIFOR0701F.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCIFOR0701.pdf979-24-4683-4Bookxxii, 82p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2243IDMenuju tata kelola hutan yang baik: peningkatan implementasi pengelolaan hutan lestari melalui sertifikasi hutan dan pembalakan ramah lingkungan (Reduced Impact Logging - RIL): prosiding lokakarya, Balikpapan, 21-23 Juni 2006Priyadi, H.Wijaya, A.Gunarso, P.Prasetyo, F.A.Yanuariadi, T.Sardjono, M.A.Subekti, A.Dermawan, A.Santoso, K.D.Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forestsgovernancecertificationreduced impact loggingbiodiversitynature conservationconstraintsincentivesconferenceshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BPriyadi0701.pdf978-979-24-4689-2Book79p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2241IDManual para la auditoria de planes de manejo en las concesiones forestales con fines maderables: manual del auditorSabogal, C.Colan, V.Arce, J.Sobrevilla, VCIFOR and INRENALima, Peru2006Book65p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2235IDEl manejo forestal en la Amazonia Baja del Peru: diagnostico e implicaciones para la adopcion de buenas practicasColan, V.Sabogal, C.Snook, L.K.Boscolo, M.Smith, J.Galvan, OCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)[Belem, Brazil][2006]forest managementforest practicesconstraintsinnovation adoptionsustainabilityThis research was part of a tri-national project intended to determine the main factors constraining or favoring the adoption of sustinable forest management practices in the Brazilian, Bolivian and Peruvian Amazon. The paper describes the logging practices followed by timber extractors in Peru's Amazon lowland under the conditions of the old forest law, revealing differences among types of extractors. It also identifies the main constraints inhibiting the application of management practices prescribed by the new forestry regime. By means of interviews and field evaluations, a set of 11 key practices for good forest management were defined. The assessment parameters were related to the smallest number of elements needed for achieving the key practices' functions. Three criteria influencing the likelihood of application were selected: legislation, economic benefits and ease of application. Differences in application of practices among types of timber extractors were analyzed, as well as differences in levels of adoption of individual practices and factors influencing their application. The levels of adoption vary among practices: commercial inventory, 52%; road planning, 58%; skid planning, 72%; directional felling, 1%; controlled skidding, 76%. The levels of adoption were also analyzed in relation to factors influencing on implementation, such as: legislation requirements, characteristics of the practices themselves, types of timber extractors, and some external factors. Finally, some implications for the adoption of good management practices under the forestry regime in Peru were analyzed.979-24-4653-2Book111p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2234PEProceedings of international forum on investment and finance in China's forestry sector: China and forest trade in the Asia-Pacific Region: implications for forest and livelihoodsDai GuangcuiWhite, A.Barr, C.China Forestry Publishing HouseBeijing2006conferencesinvestmentforestsproductiontradeforest products industriesforestry developmentforest plantationsfinancepolicy7-80097-808-7BookChinese 155p. + English 119p.zhCIFOR Head Quarter2228CNPembalakan ramah lingkungan: konsep dan implementasi di IndonesiaNugraha, A.Priyadi, H.HasbillahGunarso, P.Benyamin, RWana AksaraSerpong Tangerang, Indonesia2007reduced impact loggingforestslogging effectssustainability979-25-3702-3Book246p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2225IDMultistakeholder forestry: steps for changeYuliani, L.Tadjudin, D.Indriatmoko, Y.Munggoro, D.Gaban, F.Maulana, F.Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forest managementsocial participationnatural resourcesstakeholdersnegotiationscommunicationconflictdecision makingchangeTranslated from Indonesian to English by Mark Havard. Original title: Kehutanan multipihak: langkah menuju perubahan.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BYuliani0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BYuliani0601.pdf978-979-24-4679-1Book132p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2223IDITTO project PD 39/00 Rev.3 (F) - Sustainable collaborative forest management: meeting the challenges of Decentralization in Bulungan Model Forest: completion report phase II 2003 - 2006 (1 February 2003 - 31 December 2006)Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forest managementresearch projectslogging effectsrural developmentcommunity forestryassessmentITTOhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCIFOR-ITTO0701.pdf978-979-24-4689-0Book83p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2221IDDari desa ke desa: dinamika gender dan pengelolaan kekayaan alamIndriatmoko, Y.Yuliani, L.Tarigan, Y.Gaban, F.Maulana, F.Munggoro, D.Lopulalan, D.Adnan, H.eds2007rural developmentnatural resourcesresource managementgender relationswomenvillageshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BIndriatmoko0701.pdfISBN-13: 978-979-24-4686-9; ISBN-10: 979-24-4686-9Book131p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2214IDIllegal logging: law enforcement, livelihoods and the timber tradeTacconi, L.edEarthscanLondon, UK2007loggingillicit fellingforestry lawforest policyforestsforest productscorruptiondecentralizationproperty rightscausesimpactlivelihoodsinternational tradecertificationThrere is limited knowledge available as to the major causes of illegal logging and its impacts on biodiversity, people and livelihoods and national economies, and thus plenty of speculation and action without evidence. It is clear that while illegal logging does have negative impacts, it also, controversially, and perhaps paradoxically, benefits many stakeholders, including local communities. This book examines the key issues including law and enforcement, supply and demand, corruption, forest certification, poverty, local livelihoods, international trade and biodiversity conservation. It includes key case studies from forest-rich hotspots in North, South and Central America, equatorial Africa and Indonesia. While there are clearly no easy answers, this book sorts fact from fiction and explores the many dimensions of the causes, impacts and implications for forests, people, livelihoods and forest policy.978-1-84407-348-1Book301p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2213IDGuidebook to markets and commercialization of forestry CDM projectsNeeff, T.Henders, SCATIETurrialba, Costa Rica2007carbonmarketsforestryprojectsclean development mechanismrequirementsquality standardscommercializationpolicyguide books9977-57-426-4Book42p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2209IDExtreme conflict and tropical forestsde Jong, W.Donovan, D.Ken-Ichi AbeedsSpringerDordrecht, Netherlands2007tropical forestsconflictwarenvironmental impactsocial impactAt a time when the international community is devoting significant attention to the issue of governance as a key factor in global environmental decline, this book provies a timely insight into the relationships between extreme conflict, the international trade in forest products, and the social, economic and environmental condition of tropical forests and their human communities. Drawing on the expertise of both natural and social scientists, this book explores the underlying causes and the social and environmental consequences of conflict in tropical forest areas. Case studies from Africa, Asia and Latin America present a range of issues - from illicit crops and "conflict timber production, to the potential of peace parks for improving human security, social quality and biodiversity conservation.978-1-4020-5461-7Book184p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2198KHCGIAR and NARS partner research in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence of impact to dateMaredia, M.K.Raitzer, D.ACGIAR. Science Council SecretariatRome, Italy2006researchimpactassessmentcost benefit analysisCGIARinternational organizationsresearch institutesBook78p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2195KHCIFOR&rsquo;s medium term plan 2007-2009CIFORCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2007forestryforest managementresearch policyresearch projectsdevelopment plansresearch institutesCIFORhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/CIFORMTP2007.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/AboutCIFOR/MTP/2007Book115p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2189KHForests in post-conflict Democratic Republic of Congo: analysis of a priority agendaDebroux, L.Hart, T.Kaimowitz, D.Karsenty, A.Topa, G.edsCIFOR, The World Bank, CIRADBogor, Indonesia2007forest policyrural developmentnature conservationforest managementconflictA joint report by teams of the World Bank, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Centre International de Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), African Wildlife Foundation (AWF), Conseil National des ONG de Développement du Congo (CNONGD), Conservation International (CI), Groupe de Travail Forêts (GTF), Ligue Nationale des Pygmées du Congo (LINAPYCO), Netherlands Development Organisation (SNV), Réseau des Partenaires pour l&rsquo;Environnement au Congo (REPEC), Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC), World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).Forests are ubiquitous in the Democratic Republic of Congo; they touch the cultural and economic life of most of the population and have enormous global environmental significance. After years of conflicts and mismanagement, reconstruction is key to improving living conditions and consolidating peace. At the same time, better roads and trade bring risks&mdash;threatening forests and biodiversity by facilitating logging, land conversion, and the seizure of forest rights by vested interests. Anticipating these threats, in 2002, the transitional government started a Priority Reform Agenda. This report analyses the soundness of this Agenda, the progress achieved to date, and the priorities for the future. It emphasises the nature of forests as a public good; and the importance of the rule of law, transparency and public participation in managing natural resources. It highlights the multiplicity of claims on forests; calls for multipurpose participatory land-use planning; and emphasises the need to secure traditional user rights. Beyond the risks, the return of peace to the DRC also offers a unique opportunity to take a fresh look at the second-largest rainforest in the world, and to implement innovative strategies that give priority to the environment and to local people.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCIFOR0701.pdf979-24-4665-6Bookxxii, 82p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2188KHBridging scales and knowledge systems: concepts and applications in ecosystem assessmentReid, W.V.Berkes, F.Wilbanks, T.J.Capistrano, D.edsIsland PressWashington, D.C., USA2006ecosystemsassessmentmanagementhuman ecology1-59726-038-XBook351p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2179KHHutan kita, keputusan kita: sebuah survei mengenai prinsip-prinsip untuk pengambilan keputusan di MalinauWollenberg, ELimberg, G.Iwan, R.Rahmawati, R.Moeliono, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006forestsland usegovernancedecision makingcommunity forestryrural communitieslocal planninglocal governmentnon-governmental organizationsmethodologyOriginal English version entitled: Our forest, our decision: a survey of principles for local decision-making in MalinauMany people want to improve the governance of forest areas, yet what is considered good governance is not necessarily self-evident or agreed upon by everyone. This study demonstrates the diversity of views held by communities and government officials in Malinau, Indonesian Borneo about what they consider to be good governance. Each group described how they thought decisions about forests should be made, including how to represent interests, allocate land rights, distribute cash benefits from forests, share information and manage forests. Striking differences of opinion among villagers and officials suggest the need for more dialog and discussion about how to coordinate decision-making in Malinau. The results suggest a more general conclusion that defining &ldquo;good governance&rdquo; requires an understanding of local contexts and the participation of different groups in determining jointly held principles.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BWollenberg0601i.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BWollenberg0601.pdf979-24-4640-0Book78p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2177IDExploitation et gestation durable des forets en Afrique CentraleNasi, R.Nguinguiri, J.-C.De Blas, D.E.edsL'HarmattanParis2006tropical forestsresource utilization2-296-016Book404p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2167IDLivelihoods, land types and the importance of ecosystem goods and services: developing a predictive understanding of landscape valuation by the Punan Pelancau people of East KalimantanLynam, T.J.P.Cunliffe, R.N.Sheil, D.Wan, M.Salim, A.Priyadi, H.Basuki, ICenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006tropical forestslandscapelandscape ecologytraditional societyethnic groupsparticipationresource utilizationvaluationmethodologygeographical information systemshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLynam0601.pdf979-24-4650-8Book64p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2162IDPenyelundupan kayu di Indonesia masalah genting ataukah berlebihan?: pembelajaran pengaturan hutan dari KalimantanObidzinski, K.Andrianto, A.Wijaya, CCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006illicit fellingloggingtimber tradeforest policyconcessionsplantationsforest managementAlso available in English entitled Timber smuggling in Indonesia critical or overstated problem?http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BObidzinski0601i.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BObidzinski0601.pdf979-24-4671-0Book36p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2154IDTimber smuggling in Indonesia critical or overstated problem?: forest governance lessons from KalimantanObidzinski, K.Andrianto, A.Wijaya, CCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006illicit fellingloggingtimber tradeforest policyconcessionsplantationsforest managementAlso available in Indonesian entitled Penyelundupan kayu di Indonesia masalah genting ataukah berlebihan?http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BObidzinski0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BObidzinski0601i.pdf979-24-4670-2Book34p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2153IDAdapter les approches de l&rsquo;amenagement durable des forets seches aux aptitudes sociales, economiques et technologiques en Afrique: le cas du Burkina FasoSawadogo, LCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006forest managementforest economicssocial impacthttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSawadogo0601.pdf979-24-4674-5Book59p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2145BFSmall-scale woodland-based enterprises with outstanding economic potential: the case of honey in ZambiaMickels-Kokwe, GCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006small businesseshoneybeekeepingcommercial beekeepingproductionprocessingnon-timber forest productswoodlandscase studiestradegovernment policyIn some countries, honey and beeswax are so important the term &lsquo;beekeeping&rsquo; appears in the titles of some government ministries. The significance of honey and beeswax in local livelihoods is nowhere more apparent than in the Miombo woodlands of southern Africa. Bee-keeping is a vital source of income for many poor and remote rural producers throughout the Miombo, often because it is highly suited to small scale farming. This detailed Non-Timber Forest Product study from Zambia examines beekeeping&rsquo;s livelihood role from a range of perspectives, including market factors, production methods and measures for harnessing beekeeping to help reduce poverty.The key aim of the study is to generate sufficient information and discussion on the bee-keeping or honey and beeswax industry to support efforts by government of Zambia to develop a beekeeping policy. The report presents initial findings from the beekeeping sector review. The report is structured as follows: Section 1 provides a general introduction, briefly describes the methodology used in the study, and outlines the critical questions, hypotheses and methodology. Section 2 discusses the bio-physical conditions for beekeeping and its relation to forest management. Section 3 provides an overview of the history of beekeeping, the commodity system, sector stakeholders and summarises the characteristics of the beekeeping industry in four case study Provinces, North-Western, Luapula, Central and Eastern Provinces. Section 4 gives insights into the honey marketing chain, from the primary producer to the exporter. Conclusions and recommendations are discussed in Section 5 and 6 respectively.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKokwe0601.pdf979-24-4673-7Book82p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2143ZMField guide to the future: four ways for communities to think aheadEvans, K.Velarde, S.J.Prieto, R.Rao, S.N.Sertzen, S.Davila, K.Cronkleton, P.de Jong, WCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), ASB, World Agroforestry CenterNairobi, Kenya2006communitiesplanningparticipationfacilitationteamswork teamsforecastsprojectionsindigenous knowledgemonitoringexercisemethodologyhandbooksThis book is a practical, step-by-step manual for using scenario-based methods in communities. The guide has been written in straightforward language and organized as a teaching tool to facilitate the use of the methods without additional training. It explains methods to help communities think ahead and plan for change. These methods are: Scenarios, Projections, Visioning and Pathways. The field guide begins with a brief discussion about communities that depend on natural resources, thinking about the future and why it is important for communities to think ahead. Next, it briefly introduce four methods for thinking about the future, describing hypothetical situations where each might be applied. The authors provide a comparative matrix to make it easier to decide between methods in a given context. Then discuss concepts such as participation, mental maps, uncertainty and complexity. In the second section "Getting Ready" the book explains how to plan for an exercise in thinking ahead in a community, with suggestions for organizing an event, selecting participants and monitoring progress. The third section "Facilitating the Methods Step by Step" dwelves into the details.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCronkleton0601.pdf979-24-4654-0Book87p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2137ZMDampak desentralisasi kehutanan terhadap keuangan daerah, masyarakat setempat dan tata ruang : studi kasus di Kabupaten Bulungan, Kalimantan Timur SamsuSuramenggala, I.Komarudin, H.Ngau, YCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationlocal governmentlocal communitiescentral governmentlocal planningforest policycommunitiesforest resourcesresource managementlivelihoodscase studiesAlso available in EnglishThe report describes the impacts of forestry decentralization on district finance, local communities and spatial planning, drawing on an 18-month research project in Bulungan District in East Kalimantan Province. It describes forestry management policies following the implementation of regional autonomy, and their impacts on district revenue and local livelihoods. The authors analyze district spatial planning, forest land use and community control over forest lands. While agreeing that decentralized forest policies have had positive impacts in Bulungan District, the report highlighted a number of issues that both district and central governments and stakeholders need to examine if the decentralization of the forestry sector is to be successful. These issues include the lack of coherent policies and coordination between central and district governments; lack of adequate resources on the part of both district and central governments to manage, monitor and control the use of the forest resource; weak district tax collection mechanisms and ineffective imposition of penalties, and the failure of the decentralized policies to ensure that the local people benefit from the resource.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Decentralisation-Case12i.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Decentralisation-Case12.pdf979-3361-97-2Book49p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2136ZMGender bukan tabu: catatan perjalanan fasilitasi kelompok perempuan di JambiWiliam-de Vries, DCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006gender relationswomennatural resourcesresource managementcommunity actionsocial participationrural developmentfacilitationhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BDede0601.pdf979-24-4659-1Book48p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2133IDThe impacts of forestry decentralization on district finances, local communities and spatial planning : a case study in Bulungan District, East Kalimantan SamsuSuramenggala, I.Komarudin, H.Ngau, YCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationlocal governmentlocal communitiescentral governmentlocal planningforest policycommunitiesforest resourcesresource managementlivelihoodscase studiesAlso available in IndonesianThe report describes the impacts of forestry decentralization on district finance, local communities and spatial planning, drawing on an 18-month research project in Bulungan District in East Kalimantan Province. It describes forestry management policies following the implementation of regional autonomy, and their impacts on district revenue and local livelihoods. The authors analyze district spatial planning, forest land use and community control over forest lands. While agreeing that decentralized forest policies have had positive impacts in Bulungan District, the report highlighted a number of issues that both district and central governments and stakeholders need to examine if the decentralization of the forestry sector is to be successful. These issues include the lack of coherent policies and coordination between central and district governments; lack of adequate resources on the part of both district and central governments to manage, monitor and control the use of the forest resource; weak district tax collection mechanisms and ineffective imposition of penalties, and the failure of the decentralized policies to ensure that the local people benefit from the resource.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Decentralisation-Case12.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Decentralisation-Case12i.pdf979-3361-96-4Book47p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2132IDManejo florestal empresarial na Amazonia BrasileiraSabogal, C.Lentini, M.Pokorny, B.Silva, J.N.M.Zweede, J.Verissimo, A.Boscolo, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Belem, Brazil2006forest managementhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSabogal0601.pdf979-24-4635-4Book71p.ptCIFOR Head Quarter2124IDOur forest, our decision: a survey of principles for local decision-making in MalinauWollenberg, ELimberg, G.Iwan, R.Rahmawati, R.Moeliono, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006forestsland usegovernancedecision makingcommunity forestryrural communitieslocal planninglocal governmentnon-governmental organizationsmethodologyMany people want to improve the governance of forest areas, yet what is considered good governance is not necessarily self-evident or agreed upon by everyone. This study demonstrates the diversity of views held by communities and government officials in Malinau, Indonesian Borneo about what they consider to be good governance. Each group described how they thought decisions about forests should be made, including how to represent interests, allocate land rights, distribute cash benefits from forests, share information and manage forests. Striking differences of opinion among villagers and officials suggest the need for more dialog and discussion about how to coordinate decision-making in Malinau. The results suggest a more general conclusion that defining &ldquo;good governance&rdquo; requires an understanding of local contexts and the participation of different groups in determining jointly held principles.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BWollenberg0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BWollenberg0601i.pdf979-24-4639-7Book76p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2122IDRecuperação de areas alteradas na Amazônia Brasileira: experiências locais, lições aprendidas e implicações para políticas públicasAlmeida, E.Sabogal, C.Brienza, S., JrCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006rehabilitationdegraded forestsdegraded landforestspolicyhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSabogal0602.pdf979-24-4609-5Book202p.ptCIFOR Head Quarter2119IDSilvicultura na Amazonia BrasileiraSabogal, C.de Almeida, E.Marmillod, D.Carvalho, J.O.PCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Belem, Brazil2006silviculturehttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSabogal0603.pdf979-24-4644-3Book190p.ptCIFOR Head Quarter2118IDLearning lessons from China&rsquo;s forest rehabilitation efforts : national level review and special focus on Guangdong ProvinceChokkalingam, U.Zhou ZaichiWang ChunfengToma, T.edsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006rehabilitationforestsafforestationcase studiesreviewsanalysiscommunity involvementdevelopment plansinstitutionsincentivessocioeconomicsguidelinesRehabilitation of degraded forest lands has been ongoing in China for centuries. Efforts intensified from the 1980s as forest resources became scarcer and environmental problems worsened. This report presents the main results of a study assessing past and ongoing rehabilitation efforts through a national-level review and more detailed analysis for one province, Guangdong. In Guangdong, a provincial-level review was followed by an analysis of 22 cases and a multi-stakeholder consultative workshop. The initiatives ranged from large national and provincial government projects to state forest farm efforts, city landscape projects, private sector and joint initiatives. They differed in objectives, costs, implementation strategies, institutional arrangements and incentives offered to local people. The whole country, including Guangdong province has witnessed increased forest cover since the 1980s. But many rehabilitation sites have poor growth and stocking; and are highly susceptible to pests, diseases and fire. Both positive and negative environmental and socio-economic outcomes have been reported but systematic monitoring and evaluation has been limited. The private sector including household forest farms benefited from timber production where restraints such as high taxes and fees and harvesting quotas were absent or removed. Elsewhere, they found it easier to benefit from fruits and other non-timber products. In ecological forest sites, government compensation payments were far below the opportunity costs for use of the resources. Many large government projects could not maintain the rehabilitated areas in the long-term given a lack of sustained funding, active local participation and ownership. Locally-driven initiatives sensitive to local needs, site and market conditions tend to be more viable. Adequate benefit flow to local people, secure tenure rights over resources, and mutually-beneficial partnerships and institutional arrangements also help sustainability of the efforts. The report provides key recommendations for the relevant stakeholders to support, plan, implement and sustain forest rehabilitation in Guangdong and China overall.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0603.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0603-01.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0603-02.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0603-03.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0603-04.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0603-05.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0701c.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0701c-01.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0701c-02.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0701c-03.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0701c-04.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BChokkalingam0701c-05.pdf979-24-4667-2Book159p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2116CNNavigating amidst complexity: guide to implementing effective research and development to improve livelihoods and the environmentCampbell, B.M.Hagmann, J.Stroud, A.Thomas, R.Wollenberg, ECenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006natural resourcesresource managementresearchdevelopment plansefficiencyguidelineslivelihoodsThis booklet is directed towards those who are implementing natural resource management (NRM) projects, undertaking research on NRM, or setting policies for NRM. It is focused on the best ways to improve the effectiveness of research and development (R&D) in NRM, so that livelihood and environmental outcomes are enhanced. What is described here can be thought of as a &ldquo;new way of doing business&rdquo; for R&D in natural resource management, but builds on approaches in the agricultural, conservation and governance fields. Section 1 explains why we need to increase the effectiveness of R&D. The section indicates how a more integrated approach has evolved and illustrates how it can be applied (Section 1.4). For the sceptics of holism and integration, we clarify that achieving holism is often impossible and can be counter-productive (Section 1.5). Section 2 briefly describes the foundations of the approach. Section 3 of the publication covers the operational cornerstones for effective R&D interventions. Section 4 discusses the management of research for development processes. Section 5 concludes. The foundations and cornerstones presented in this booklet were established during a series of four workshops involving over 200 scientists from the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) and its partners. Specialists were drawn from the full spectrum of land use systems and NRM perspectives: conservation, forestry, fisheries, irrigated agriculture, dryland agriculture, and livestock production &ndash; covering the humid to arid tropics.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCampbell0602.pdf979-24-4664-8Book82p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2115CNLearning lessons to promote certification and combat illegal logging in Indonesia: September 2003 to June 2006Jurgens, ECenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006certificationloggingtimbersforest productssupply balancemarketslinkagetimber tradehttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BJurgens0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BJurgens0601i.pdf979-24-4662-1Book50p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2114IDProses pembelajaran (learning lessons) promosi sertifikasi hutan dan pengendalian penebangan liar di Indonesia: September 2003 sampai June 2006Jurgens, ECenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006certificationloggingtimbersforest productssupply balancemarketslinkagetimber tradeTranslated from English:http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BJurgens0601i.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BJurgens0601.pdf979-24-4661-3Book57p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2320IDKehutanan multipihak: langkah menuju perubahanYuliani, L.Tadjudin, D.Indriatmoko, Y.Munggoro, D.Gaban, F.Maulana, F.Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006forest managementsocial participationnatural resourcesstakeholdersnegotiationscommunicationconflictdecision makingchangehttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BYuliani0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/bYuliani0701.pdf979-24-4655-9Book132p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2111IDCommunity forest management as a carbon mitigation option: case studiesMurdiyarso, D.Skutsch, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMurdiyarso0602.pdf979-24-4660-5Book125p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2112IDDecentralization of forest administration in Indonesia: implications for forest sustainability, economic development and community livelihoodsBarr, C.Resosudarmo, I. A. P.Dermawan, A.McCarthy, J.F.Moeliono, M.Setiono, B.edsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006decentralizationforestryadministrationcentral governmentlocal governmentsustainabilityeconomic developmentlivelihoodsrural communitiesSince the collapse of Soeharto&rsquo;s New Order regime in May 1998, Indonesia&rsquo;s national, provincial, and district governments have engaged in an intense struggle over how authority and the power embedded in it, should be shared. How this ongoing struggle over authority in the forestry sector will ultimately play out is of considerable significance due to the important role that Indonesia&rsquo;s forests play in supporting rural livelihoods, generating economic revenues, and providing environmental services. This book examines the process of forestry sector decentralization that has occurred in post-Soeharto Indonesia, and assesses the implications of more recent efforts by the national government to recentralize administrative authority over forest resources. It aims to describe the dynamics of decentralization in the forestry sector, to document major changes that occurred as district governments assumed a greater role in administering forest resources, and to assess what the ongoing struggle among Indonesia&rsquo;s national, provincial, and district governments is likely to mean for forest sustainability, economic development at multiple levels, and rural livelihoods. Drawing from primary research conducted by numerous scientists both at CIFOR and its many Indonesian and international partner institutions since 2000, this book sketches the sectoral context for current governmental reforms by tracing forestry development and the changing structure of forest administration from Indonesia&rsquo;s independence in 1945 to the fall of Soeharto&rsquo;s New Order regime in 1998. The authors further examine the origins and scope of Indonesia&rsquo;s decentralization laws in order to describe the legal-regulatory framework within which decentralization has been implemented both at the macro-level and specifically within the forestry sector. This book also analyses the decentralization of Indonesia&rsquo;s fiscal system and describes the effects of the country&rsquo;s new fiscal balancing arrangements on revenue flows from the forestry sector, and describes the dynamics of district-level timber regimes following the adoption of Indonesia&rsquo;s decentralization laws. Finally, this book also examines the real and anticipated effects of decentralization on land tenure and livelihood security for communities living in and around forested areas, and summarizes major findings and options for possible interventions to strengthen the forestry reform efforts currently underway in Indonesia.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BBarr0601.pdf979-24-4649-4Book178p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2113IDForest rehabilitation in Vietnam: histories, realities and futurede Jong, W.Do Dinh SamTrieu Van HungCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006rehabilitationforestsforestryprojectsforest economicshistoryforest policyThis report assesses the experiences of forest rehabilitation in Vietnam and draws strategic lessons from these experiences to guide new forest rehabilitation projects. The report highlights lessons from Vietnam's experiences that will be helpful beyond the country border. This report has the following structure: the remainder of chpater one provides the conceptual clarification and theoritical underpinnings for the study and introduces the methodology. Chapter two provides background information and context for the outcomes of forest rehabilitation in Vietnam, including basic information on Vietnam, its forest cover, forestry sector and policies that are relevant to forestry and forest rehabilitation. Chapter three gives an overview of forest rehabilitation in Vietnam from its inception in the 1950s until today, as the country carries out its latest nationwide forest rehabilitation effort, the 5 million hectares reforestation project. Chapter four analyses in detail forest rehabilitation project that were analysed in the field study carried out as part of this study. Chapter five draws lessons from the report.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BDeJong0601.pdf979-24-4652-4Book76p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2106IDHutan pasca pemanenan: melindungi satwa liar dalam kegiatan hutan produksi di KalimantanMeijaard, E.Sheil, D.Nasi, R.Augeri, D.Rosenbaum, B.Iskandar, D.Setyawati, T.Lammertink, A.Rachmatika, I.Wong, A.Soehartono, T.Stanley, S.O'Brien, TCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006forest managementbiodiversityconservationreviewswildlifespecies diversitylogging effectsresearchguidelinesTranslated from the English version published in 2005.This book presents a technical review of ecological and life history information on a range of Bornean wildlife species, aimed at identifying what makes these species sensitive to timber harvesting practices and associated impacts. It addresses three audiences: 1) those involved in assessing and regulating timber harvesting activities in Southeast Asia, 2) those involved in trying to achieve conservation goals in the region, and 3) those undertaking research to improve multipurpose forest management. This book shows that forest management can be improved in many simple ways to allow timber extraction and wildlife conservation to be more compatible than under current practices. The recommendations can also be valuable to the many governmental and non-governmental organisations promoting sustainable forest management and eco-labelling. Finally, it identifies a number of shortcomings and gaps in knowledge, which the hope can interest the scientific community and promote further research. This review is, an important scientific step toward understanding and improving sustainable forestry practices for long-term biodiversity conservation. Even in the short term, however, significant improvements can be made to improve both conservation and the efficiency of forest management, and there is no need to delay action due to a perceived lack of information. In the longer term it is expected that the recommendations from this review will be implemented, and that further research will continue to help foster an acceptable balance among the choices needed to maintain healthy wildlife populations and biodiversity in a productive forest estate.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMeijaard0601Ina.pdf979-24-4657-5Book384p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2098IDRiquezas del bosque: frutas, remedios y artesanias en America LatinaLopez, C.Shanley, P.Cuba-Cronkleton, M.edsCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006non-timber forest productsusesbarkrootsfoodsfruitsmedicinal plantscase studiesforest productswood carvingharvestingtradehandicraftsplantsseedsshootsexudatescommercializationThis book compiles traditional and specialized knowledge about 26 plants used by rural and urban people in Latin America. The pages tell real-life stories about a wide range of forest products and the people who use and manage them. The book describes what we can learn from the people who carve out a living harvesting these forest products? The individual chapters illustrate how different forest foods, fibres and medicines are grown, harvested, processed and traded. Through these stories we learn about the history of such products - some of which have been used and traded for centuries, while others are relatively new. It also shows the various opportunities and problems that collectors and traders face, and the way they respond to change. In each case, the book describes the main characteristics of the forest product, its historical usage, harvesting and management, and how it is processed and traded. In closing, each author comments briefly on trends and current issues regarding the resource. The final chapter reviews common themes and lessons that can be drawn from these cases.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLopez0601S.pdf979-24-4623-0Book178p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2097MXGuide to participatory tools for forest communitiesEvans, K.de Jong, W.Cronkleton, P.Sheil, D.Lynam, T.Kusumanto, T.Colfer, C.J.PCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006researchmethodologysocial participationcommunitiescommunity forestrycommunity involvementforest managementparticipatory rural appraisaltechniqueshandbooksThe Center for International Forestry Research has developed and adapted various participatory tools for use with forest communities and other natural resource dependent groups. The tools have diverse applications: stakeholder identification, decision making, planning, conflict management, information collection, landscape assessment and other uses. The Guide to Participatory Tools for Forest Communities is intended for environment and development practitioners, researchers and local government officials. It provides information on various tools to help readers grasp basic capabilities, identify the most appropriate tool for their needs and find resources for additional information. Much like a map, this guide sends readers in the right direction when selecting participatory tools.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKristen0601.pdf979-24-4656-7Book37p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2095MXThe role of district government in poverty alleviation: case studies in Malinau and West Kutai Districts, East Kalimantan, IndonesiaAndrianto, ACenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006povertydecentralizationlocal governmenthttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAndrianto0601.pdf979-24-4636-2Book67p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2094IDPolitik desentralisasi: hutan, kekuasaan dan rakyatColfer, C.J.P.Capistrano, D.edsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006decentralizationforest managementgovernanceforest policyresource managementnatural resourcesTranslated from the English version titled The politics of decentralization: forests, power and people ed. by C.J.P. Colfer and D. Capistrano. Published by Earthscan Publications, London, UK, 2005.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BColfer0602.pdf979-24-4637-0Book399p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2087IDCIFOR annual report 2005: research that mattersCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006CIFORforest managementforest policyresearch projectsreportsresearch instituteshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005Spanish.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005French.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/Publications/Corporate/AnnualReports/English2005/annualreports.htm979--24-4651-6Book68p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2083IDRapport annuel 2005 de CIFOR: une recherche qui a de l&rsquo;importanceCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006CIFORforest managementforest policyresearch projectsreportsresearch institutesAlso available in English and Spanishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005French.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005Spanish.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/Publications/Corporate/AnnualReports/English2005/annualreports.htm979-24-4651-6Book68p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2283IDInforme Anual de CIFOR 2005: investigacion que marca la diferenciaCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006CIFORforest managementforest policyresearch projectsreportsresearch institutesAlso available in English and Frenchhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005Spanish.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2005French.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/Publications/Corporate/AnnualReports/English2005/annualreports.htm979-24-4651-6Book68p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2284IDAlem da Madeira: a certificacao de produtos florestais nao-madeireirosShanley, P.Pierce, A.R.Laird, S.ACenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Belem, Brazil2006certificationforest productsnon-timber forest productsstandardsAlso available in Spanishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BShanley0602.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BShanley0801s.pdf979-24-4629-xBook153p.ptCIFOR Head Quarter2085BRLes paradoxes apparents de l'expansion papetiere en Indonesie: ne exploration des liens finance-gouvernance-environnement pour l'analyse d'un secteur en termes de durabilitePirard, REcole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences SocialesParis, France2006thesespulp and paper industryforest plantationsforestrytimber supplysustainabilitydevelopmentfinancerentdebteconomicsgovernanceThesis (Ph.D.) - Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, ParisThe rapid expansion of the Pulp & Paper industry in Indonesia has generated large overcapacities because fiber supplies were based mainly on the conversion of tropical forests. Using financial theory about financial expropriation and debt entrenchment in East Asia, it shows that the ultimate owners of the groups have been able to capture most of the rents owing to a divergence between their control rights and their ownership rights. Their profits were done in the short term, but their costs were postponed owing to a capital structure based on debts. Politics and public governance have also played an important role in favor of the interests of the ultimate owners, and all the apperances seem to suggest that the expansion followed a model of political economy. Recent efforts to develop large-scale fast-growing plantations have poor impacts on the sustainable developement of the rural areas, because of environmental irreversibilities and a loss of flexibility for the rural poor. However, economic irreversibilities lower the probability that the current trend be voluntarily modified.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRomain0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRomain0601Abstract.pdfBook474p.frCIFOR Head Quarter2079IDGestao florestal na Amazonia brasileira: avanços e obstaculos em um sistema federalistaToni, FCIFOR and IDRCLa Paz, Bolivia2006decentralizationforestrygovernancetraditional societygovernmentforest managementSince the 1990&rsquo;s many Latin American countries have been decentralizing administrative, fiscal and political authority from national to state and municipal governments. This process has often included the governance of natural resources, particularly of forests. In the study &ldquo;Forestry decentralization in Latin America: looking to the future&rdquo;, CIFOR analyses forestry decentralization policies and, in particular, their effects on forest-dependent groups. This book presents the results of the case study in the Brazilian Amazon, where state and municipal governments have begun to play more active roles in managing forest resources. Among other things, the author finds that indigenous groups are in conflict with many other actors in the region, and that their political power at the local level is minimal. He thus concludes that presence of the national administration is crucial for protecting the interests of indigenous groups. The author provides a range of data on land occupation and the forest sector in the region, and discusses the institutional and legal framework of forest management to examine the constraints and opportunities of forestry decentralization. He also presents examples of decentralized forest governance at the state level in Acre, Amazonas and Pará, as well as a variety of municipal level experiences. The book ends with a brief discussion of priority issues for future research that would help promote effective and equitable forestry decentralization in the Brazilian Amazon.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BToni0601P.pdfBook73p.ptCIFOR Head Quarter2073IDDescentralizacion forestal y estrategias de vida en GuatemalaLarson, A.M.Miguel Barrios, JCIFOR and IDRCLa Paz, Bolivia2006decentralizationforestrygovernancetraditional societycommunity forestryrural communitiesinterest groupsIn this book, CIFOR explores the trends, opportunities, problems and challenges of forest decentralization in Guatemala, identifying its consequences particularly for its rural indigenous population and small-scale foresters, and proposing a research and action agenda that would promote increased equity of benefits from such processes. This publication is one of the outputs of a larger CIFOR study also carried in Bolivia, Brazil, Nicaragua and Honduras, which investigates forestry decentralization processes and, in particular, their effects on forest-dependent groups. The Guatemalan case study demonstrates that, more than in other countries, many municipal governments play an important role in forest resources management, creating the opportunity to promote forest-related issues within local administrations and to increase their capacity to manage natural resources. Nevertheless, the tensions between the state and other professional foresters&rsquo; vision of forests and forestry and that of an important sector of the indigenous population have not been addressed with the necessary respect for the latter, contributing to the ongoing marginalization of these groups. To support this analysis, this publication presents data on Guatemala&rsquo;s forestry sector, the national context of financial, administrative and political decentralization, the implementation of forest and decentralization policies, focusing on local governance, and the implications of decentralization for marginalized groups. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLarson0603S.pdfBook76p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2074IDDescentralizacion de la gestion forestal en Honduras: mirando hacia el futuroVallejo Larios, M.Guillen Coronado, ICIFOR and IDRCLa Paz, Bolivia2006decentralizationforestrygovernancecommunity forestryrural communitiesinterest groupsSince the 1990&rsquo;s many Latin American countries have been implementing administrative, financial and political decentralization policies to transfer certain responsibilities and authority from national to state and municipal governments. This process has often included some aspect of natural resource governance. In Honduras, since 1992 municipal governments have been responsible for the management of an estimated 28% of the nation&rsquo;s forests located on municipal ejidos. In the study &ldquo;Forestry decentralization in Latin America: looking to the future&rdquo;, CIFOR analyses the decentralization of forest resource governance and, in particular, its effects of forest-dependent groups, in Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. This book focuses on the results of the Honduran case study, where a new Forestry Law is being discussed that may bring a series of urgently needed changes in the administration of forests, a sector that is currently dominated by corruption and illegality. In addition, to date forest-dependent groups have been largely marginalized with very limited rights to forest resources. Building on previous research and publications on this issue, as well as new consultations with individual and institutional actors in Honduras, this book has three objectives: (1) to analyse trends, opportunities, problems and challenges related to forestry decentralization, (2) to identify the problems and needs of vulnerable groups within the forest sector, as well as the risks and benefits of decentralization for those groups, and (3) to propose a research and action agenda on forest decentralization in Honduras. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BVallejo0601S.pdfBook83p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2075IDExclusion e inclusion en la foresteria latinoamericana: hacia donde va la descentralizacion?Larson, A.M.Pacheco, P.Toni, F.Vallejo Larios, MCIFOR and IDRCLa Paz, Bolivia2006decentralizationforestrygovernancecommunity forestryrural communitiesinterest groupsForestry decentralization offers new opportunities for participation in decision-making regarding natural resources and for greater local resource control. Yet previous research has found that decentralizations, at least in the way that they are implemented, may also have detrimental effects on forest-dependent peoples. CIFOR, with support from IDRC, carried out a study in 2005 to investigate the implications of these processes in Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. This book represents a synthesis of this research. Among other things, it finds that most gains in terms of decentralized decision-making have come from contractual arrangements between sub-national governments and forestry institutes and through certain land tenure policies. With regard to marginalized groups, the research found that forestry in general is not a sector in which small producers are able to improve their welfare without specific policies operating in their favor, and for decentralization to have a positive effect, it has to come hand in hand with other measures&mdash;particularly those that address structural inequities, such as property rights and access to financial resources and technologies. The book has three principal goals: to propose a theoretical framework to conceptualize more effectively the relationship among decentralization, governance and livelihoods; to assess the current state of forestry decentralizations in Latin America, with particular attention to the role of sub-national governments and the effects on &ldquo;marginalized&rdquo; forest-dependent groups; and to identify research and actions that could increase the benefits of decentralization for these groups. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLarson0602S.pdfBook93p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2076IDLos grupos marginados, la descentralizacion y el sector forestal en NicaraguaLarson, A.MCIFOR and IDRCLa Paz, Bolivia2006decentralizationforestrygovernancecommunity forestryrural communitiesparticipationIn this book, CIFOR analyses trends, opportunities, problems and challenges of forestry decentralization in Nicaragua, identifying its consequences particularly for poor forest-dependent groups, and proposing a research and action agenda for the democratic governance of forest resources in consultation with such groups and other key actors. This publication is one of the outputs of a larger CIFOR study also carried in Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala and Honduras, which investigates forestry decentralization processes and, in particular, their effects on forest-dependent groups. In the Nicaraguan case study the author argues that grassroots participation in local development decisions is necessary but insufficient for more equitable access to forest resources and benefits for poor forest communities; in addition, these groups and their advocates need to defend their interests by exerting strategic pressure on local governments. The book examines the nature of Nicaragua&rsquo;s forestry sector, the national context of financial, administrative and political decentralization and its relation to other development and poverty alleviation policies, the legal and institutional framework of forest management and the roles played by regional and municipal governments, and the problems faced by forest-dependent groups for gaining access to forest resources and benefits and the effects of decentralization on these processes. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLarson0601S.pdfBook82p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2077IDDescentralizacion forestal en Bolivia: implicaciones en el gobierno de los recursos forestales y el bienestar de los grupos marginadosPacheco, PCIFOR and IDRCLa Paz, Bolivia2006decentralizationforestsgovernancetraditional societytenure systemsThis book presents the results of the Bolivian case study on forestry decentralization. It is part of a larger CIFOR study also undertaken in Brazil, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras, which investigates forestry decentralization processes and, in particular their effects on forest-dependent groups. Since the 1990&rsquo;s, Bolivia has played a leading role in Latin America with regard to the transfer of political, administrative and fiscal responsibilities and authority from national to municipal governments. Decentralization also included important aspects of forest management, which was particularly affected by new land policies. Among his conclusions, the author points out that, although municipal governments are now more active in poverty alleviation initiatives, their conception of local development still fails to consider the potential use of natural resources. At the same time, small rural producers and indigenous groups, who have recently been granted formal land rights, have not been given the decision-making authority to define the use of those resources. The first half of the book provides pertinent information on the Bolivian forest sector, presents the decentralization framework promoted by the government, and discusses the legal, institutional and informal arrangements of forest governance. The author then analyses power disputes among a variety of actors and institutions and examines the effects of decentralization on the wellbeing of various social groups. Finally, he proposes key topics for further research that would advance the forestry decentralization debate in Bolivia. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BPacheco0601S.pdfBook71p.esCIFOR Head Quarter2078IDKajian kemiskinan masyarakat desa sekitar hutan dan upaya penanggulangannya di Kabupaten Malinau propinsi Kalimantan TimurRositah, EUniversitas MulawarmanSamarinda, Indonesia2005povertyrural communitiescommunity forestrythesesThesis (Master degree) - Mulawarman University, IndonesiaBook243p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2070IDPermanent sample plots: more than just forest dataPriyadi, H.Gunarso, P.Kanninen, M.edsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006sample plot techniqueforest treesgrowthyieldsdata collectionsilvicultural systemsselective fellinglogging effectsloggingcarbon sequestrationdeterminationconferencesProceedings of International Workshop on Promoting Permanent Sample Plots in Asia and the Pacific Region, Bogor, Indonesia, 3-5 August 2005http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BPriyadi0601.pdf979-24-4632-XBook169p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2066IDThe outcomes and their determinants from negotiations for logging agreements between communities and companies in IndonesiaPalmer, CRheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat. Hohen Landwirtschaftlichen FakultatBonn, Germany2005loggingcommunity forestrycompaniesNegotiationthesesThesis (Ph.D.) - Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat, Bonn.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BPalmer0601.pdfBook176p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2063IDBiodiversity and local perceptions on the edge of a conservation area, Khe Tran Village, Vietnam Boissiere, M.Basuki, I.Koponen, P.Wan, M.Sheil, DCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006natural resourcesnature conservationlandscapeland usebiodiversityplantsusesassessmentcommunity involvement(rev. ed.)Decisions on land use in Vietnam are often only based on biophysical and economical assessments, with little consideration for the local people&rsquo;s opinions or perspectives. This can lead to conflicts over natural resources management, unsustainable land use and decisions that are unfair to local people. In the landscape surrounding Khe Tran, a village in Central Vietnam lives a Pahy minority group. The driving force in this area has been different land use policies, resulting mainly from a government &lsquo;top down&rsquo; approach, and the consequent changes in local forest status. The major activities for local livelihoods have shifted from swidden agriculture and high dependency on natural forests, to more sedentary activities. Khe Tran is now situated in the buffer zone of a planned nature reserve and the government has encouraged the villagers to plant economic crops in the bare hills around the village. The people&rsquo;s dependence on forest resources has significantly decreased, and most of the local knowledge about natural forests may soon be lost. The main land covers around the village are now Acacia and rubber plantations, bare lands, and lands for agriculture. Local knowledge and perspectives are rarely taken into account by state institutions when implementing land allocation projects or making decisions on natural resource management and land use at the landscape level. There is opportunity to better inform development agencies and involve local level stakeholders so that more sustainable decisions can be made. This book reports on what Khe Tran villagers find important in terms of environmental services and resources in their landscape. Our approach integrates multidisciplinary activities - through human and natural sciences- and explains the relative importance of landscape components, products and species for local people. It aims to better articulate local people&rsquo;s priorities for the future, their hopes and values as well as their relationship with the conservation area.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BBoissiere0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BBoissiere0601V.pdf979-24-4642-7Book106p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2046IDPengambilan keputusan dalam rumah tangga pengelola hutan kemiri di kelurahan Mario Pulana kecamatan Camba kabupaten Maros: ditinjau dari perspektif genderAgusnawatiUniversitas HasanuddinMakassar, Indonesia2005thesesfarmersAleurites moluccanafarming systemshousehold surveysdecision makinggender relationsinstitutionsqualitative techniquescase studiesThesis (Master degree) - University of Hasanuddin, IndonesiaThis is a qualitative research which aimed at firstly, to identify the pattern and characteristics of decision making of spouses in families of candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) farmers. Secondly, to identify and to analyse the underlying factors of the decision making process. The study case approach is applied for this research. Primary and secndary data were collected from research informants chosen purpusively from households of candlenut farmers, community figures, government officials and university academicians. Data were collected through in-deph interview, focused-group discussions, field observation and library materials and analyse with decision making frame and Harvard analysis technique. The analysis indicate that concerning decision making of internal and external domestic matter were equally by the spouses, whereas for public domain activities husbands have a more dominant role than their wives who were only allowed to take part in post harvest activities. Secondly, the underlying grounds for decision making of spouses indicate that husbands are also more dominant than their wives in terms of access and control of resources and benefits from candlenut produce. The dominant role of husbands were also due to several other factors such as additional source of income enjoyed by husbands from side jobs, inherited assets or wealth, and local customs which seem to allow more advantage to men.Book114p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2036IDHutan desa Setulang dan Sengayan Malinau, Kalimantan Timur: potensi dan identifikasi langkah-langkah perlindungan dalam rangka pengelolaannya secara lestari Sidiyasa, K.ZakariaIwan, RCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006forest resourcessurveysforest conservationcommunity involvementrural developmentmethodologydata collectionAlso available in Englishhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSidiyasa0601.pdf979-24-4634-6Book147p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2034IDThe forests of Setulang and Sengayan in Malinau, East Kalimantan: their potential and the identification of steps for their protection and sustainable managementSidiyasa, K.ZakariaIwan, RCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006forest resourcessurveysforest conservationcommunity involvementrural developmentmethodologydata collectionAlso available in Indonesianhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSidiyasa0601E.pdf979-24-4641-9Book142p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2035IDBelajar beradaptasi: bersama-sama mengelola hutan di IndonesiaKusumanto, T.Yuliani, L.Macoun, P.Indriatmoko, Y.Adnan, HCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006forest managementsocial participationcollaborationparticipationlearninginterest groupscommunity involvementuncertaintymethodologyAvailable in English. Original title: Learning to adapt: managing forests together in IndonesiaThere is an increasing need to enhance the quality of forest management in many places around the world. This need often arises from disagreements among interest groups using the same forestland and forest resources. This situation also holds true for Indonesia. Yet while it is generally agreed that the problem should be tackled through better collaboration among competing groups, there are many questions about how to go about it in practice. This book tries to answer some of them. It is about a learning-based approach to collaboration, called Adaptive Collaborative Management (ACM). It draws on the experience of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) in researching and applying ACM in two sites in Indonesia: Sumatra and Kalimantan. It presents the way in which a team of action researchers assisted local groups and institutions in jointly addressing local resource problems and the outcomes and implications for wider application in the country. The book aims to support community workers, field-based staff of organisations like non-governmental organisations (NGOs), government extension workers and project staff, and trainers. It can be used as a reference, as a tool to facilitate local action, or simply as an account of experiences in applying a learning-based approach to forest management. The book can also be used as a basis for thinking about new methods, tools or concepts related to forests and for linking these to practice.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKusumanto0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKusumanto0501.pdf979-24-4615-XBook216p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2030IDPersepsi masyarakat terhadap agroforest karet sebagai alternatif pengelolaan sumberdaya hutan yang lestari: (studi kasus di desa Lubuk Beringin, kec. Rantau Pandan, kab. Bungo, Jambi)Muntasyarah, A.SGadjah Mada University, Faculty of ForestryBogor, Indonesia2005thesesagroforestryperceptionrubber plantsplantationsrural communitiesdecentralizationThesis - S1 degree (Gadjah Mada University)Rubber plantations management on rubber agroforest form is a form of utilization and management of forest resource which is practised specifically by the Bungo community. On the rubber agroforest, the communities mix agriculture and forestry plants on the field they have, trying to mix short and long term concerns. The objective of this research is to find out community perception on rubber agroforest and their interaction with the rubber agroforest. The method used in this research is descriptive method with qualitative and quantitative approach. Data collection was done by observation, deep and half structured interview, "kampung" discussion and transect to collect data on biodiversity. The result of the research shows that rubber agroforest is a form of symbolic interaction of the community with the forest resource and social object around them. Rubber agroforest means as the source of main income for the community and also as a part of their lives. On the rubber agroforest, they can fulfil about 70% of their needs, so the perception built in the mind of Lubuk Beringin community is that rubber plantation has economic value. But their economic view is also able to mix the need on sustainable result and sustainable environment. Communities do not only take care of the rubber plants on their rubber agroforest field, but also other plants, especially fruit plants. The result of this economi view forms a rubber agroforest which is very similar to forest, with vegetation structure like secondorary forest and high enough biodiversity leverl, it is not only flora biodiversity exists. Rubber agroforest can be one of the alternatives of sustainable fores resource management which is specific to a region.Book132p.idCIFOR Head Quarter2016IDLineamientos y metodologias para el buen manejo forestal en la Amazonia PeruanaCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Pucallpa, Peru2005silvicultureconcessionsplanningThe CD contains six publications: 1. Silvicultura en la Amazonia Peruana. Diagnostico de experiencias en la region Ucayali y la provincia de Puerto Inca 2. Planes de manejo en concesiones forestales con fines maderables: lineamientos para su elaboracion y formatos de presentacion 3. Manual para la planificacion y evaluacion del manejo forestal operacional en bosques de la Amazonia peruana 4. Manual practico para operadores forestales 5. Memorias del I Taller de Capacitacion, Monitoreo e Invetigacion para Promover el Manejo Forestal en la Amazonia peruana 6. Memorias del II Taller de Investigacion y Transferencia Tecnologica para Promover el Manejo Forestal en la Amazonia Peruana.Book1 CD ROMenCIFOR Head Quarter2017PEOne century of forest rehabilitation in the Philippines: approaches, outcomes and lessonsChokkalingam, U.Carandang, A.P.Pulhin, J.M.Lasco, R.D.Peras, R.J.J.Toma, T.edsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006forestsdegraded forestsrehabilitationforest policyforest economicsForest cover is decreasing or very low in many tropical landscapes following decades of logging, fire and other human disturbances. At the same time, there are large and growing areas of degraded forest lands that need to be rehabilitated to again provide forest goods and services and meet local livelihood needs. National, international, local and private agencies have invested in innumerable rehabilitation initiatives in the tropics. Lots of money has been spent, but have these efforts actually increased forest cover, helped impoverished upland communities, enhanced biodiversity and environmental services, or contributed to meeting timber needs? Did they address the underlying degradation causes and were the rehabilitated areas maintained in the long term? What are the most promising approaches? Which ones can be replicated at low cost by local institutions and actors? Which ones are self-sustaining at the local level? What enabling factors are required to sustain the efforts?. This report reviewing forest rehabilitation in the Philippines is part of a larger study by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and national partners to assess efforts across six countries to try and answer the above questions and derive lessons for planning and guiding future efforts. The countries are Peru, Brazil, Indonesia, Vietnam, China and the Philippines. The study aimed to increase the chances of success for future rehabilitation efforts by identifying the approaches that contributed to longer-term sustainability and positive outcomes for different stakeholders.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Bchokkalingam0605.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Bchokkalingam0605-01.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Bchokkalingam0605-02.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Bchokkalingam0605-03.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Bchokkalingam0605-04.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Bchokkalingam0605-05.pdf979-24-4643-5Book132p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2025PHChina's forests: global lessons from market reforms (Chinese)Hyde, William F.Belcher, B.Jintao XuResources for the Future and Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Washington, DC2005forest policyforest managementforestrydeforestationlocal peopleforest policyproperty rightsrural developmentafforestationbamboosnon-timber forest productseconomic growthmarketseconomic analysisTranslated from the English version published in 2003.This book examines the experience of China's forestry sector with respect to the full set of forest and nonforest policy reforrms introduced since 1978. The lessons of this book are important for China, and for the rest of the world as well. For China the analyses in each chapter provides rigorous evidence on those policies that have worked and on how well the have worked. The book consists of 10 chapters: 1. Hyde, W.F., Jintao Xu, Belcher, B. Introduction and Appendix table: policy reform in China's forestry; 2. Liu Dachang, Edmund, D. Devolution as a means of expanding local forest management in South China: lessons from the past 20 years; 3. Jinlong Liu, Landell-Mills, N. Taxes and fees in the Southern collective forest region; 4. Runsheng Yin. Central characteristics of reform: measures of the effects of improved property rights, a stable policy environment, and environmental protection; 5. Daowei Zhang. Policy reform and investment in forestry; 6. Rozelle, S., Jikun Huang, Benziger, V. Forest exploitation and protection in reform China: assessing the impacts of policy and economic growth; 7. Yaoqi Zhang, Uusivuori, J., Kuuluvainen, J., Kant, S. Deforestation and reforestation in Hainan: roles of markets and institution; 8. Ruiz-Perez, M., Belcher, B., Maoyi Fu, Xiaosheng Yang. Forestry, poverty, and rural development: perspectives from the bamboo sector; 9. Sayer, J.A., Changjin Sun. Impacts of policy reforms on forest environments and biodiversity; 10. Hyde, W.F., Jintao Xu, Belcher, B., Runsheng Yin, Jinlong Liu. Conclusions and policy implications.7-5038-4148-6Book182p.zhCIFOR Head Quarter2021CNRehabilitacion de areas degradadas en la Amazonia peruana: revision de experiencias y lecciones aprendidasMeza, A.Sabogal, C.de Jong, WCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006degraded forestsrehabilitationland degradationagroforestryforest economicsThe study was caried out in Peru in 2003 and 2004. The study aims to increase the chances of future success of forest rehabilitation efforts by identifying the strategies that best contribute to long-term sustainability with minimal negative effects on stakeholders. Specifically, the study derives strategic lessons from the past and ongoing initiatives. The study identifies and disseminate the most promising approaches and incentives for rehabilitation in different ecological and socio-economic situations. This document describes the research methods, the main results, conclusions and recommendations of the Peruvian study. The lessons learned from the study were varied. They emphasize funding aspects (through credits, competing funds, premiums); commercial opportunities for tree species with short harvesting cycles and growing market acceptance; the need to link markets and to add value to products from rehabilitated areas; the need to incorporate traditional knowledge and ensure active local participation from the beginning; and finally, not to raise unrealistically high expectations. One recommendation highlights the need to systematize the existing information and experience on applying and disseminating forestry and agroforestry practices that are good for rehabilitating degraded forest lands.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMeza0601.pdf979-24-4611-7Book90p. + 1 CD-ROM.esCIFOR Head Quarter2020CNA field guide to the permanent sample plots in the conventional logging blocks 28 & 29 at CIFOR Malinau research forest East KalimantanKartawinata, K.Priyadi, H.Sheil, D.Riswan, S.Sist, P.MachfudhCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006loggingsample plot techniquestand densityforest treesidentificationguidelinesA set of Permanent Sample Plots (PSP) was established in the lowland mixed dipetrocarp forest within PT Inhutani II concession at Malinau (2o45&rsquo; &ndash; 3o15&rsquo;N, 116o30&rsquo;), East Kalimantan (Figure 1). They were designed for comparative studies of conventional logging (CNV) and reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques under the ITTO Project PD 12/97 Rev.1 (F), Forest, Science and Sustainability. Bulungan Model Forest. The Malinau concession is located about 30 km to the East of CIFOR&rsquo;s Bulungan Research Forest in a forest area with elevation between 100 m to 300 m above sea level. The terrain is undulating with slopes ranging from 10% to 70%. The mean annual rainfall in the area is 3.790 mm, with the number of wet months of more than 9 months per year. This pocket guideline is intended to give visitors to PSPs information on how to access to the location of plots and distribution of trees with dbh = 20cm in each plot. The CIFOR&rsquo;s Seturan station is used as a starting point to travel to the plots.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKartawinata0601.pdf979-24-4631-1Book113p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2014IDA field guide to the permanent sample plots in the reduced-impact logging block 27 at CIFOR Malinau research forest East KalimantanKartawinata, K.Priyadi, H.Sheil, D.Riswan, S.Sist, P.MachfudhCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006logginglogging effectssample plot techniquestand densityforest treesidentificationguidelinesA set of Permanent Sample Plots (PSP) was established in the lowland mixed dipetrocarp forest within PT Inhutani II concession at Malinau (2º45&rsquo; &ndash; 3º15&rsquo;N, 116º30&rsquo;), East Kalimantan (Figure 1). They were designed for comparative studies of conventional logging (CNV) and reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques under the ITTO Project PD 12/97 Rev.1 (F), Forest, Science and Sustainability: Bulungan Model Forest. The Malinau concession is located about 30 km to the East of CIFOR&rsquo;s Bulungan Research Forest in a forest area with elevation between 100 m to 300 m above sea level. The terrain is undulating with slopes ranging from 10% to 70%. The mean annual rainfall in the area is 3.790 mm, with the number of wet months of more than 9 months per year. This pocket guideline is intended to give visitors to PSPs information on how to access to the location of plots and distribution of trees with dbh = 20cm in each plot. The CIFOR&rsquo;s Seturan station is used as a starting point to travel to the plots. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKartawinata0602.pdf979-24-4630-3Book131p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2015IDOn the theory of decentralization, forests and livelihoodsTacconi, L.Siagian, Y.Syam, RAustralian National University. Asia Pacific School of Economics and GovernmentCanberra, Australia2006decentralizationforestspovertylivelihoodsrural communitiesdeforestationFull text available online at http://dspace.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/44459/1/emd_op9.pdfThe current theory and narrative states that democratic decentralization of forest management leads to sustainable forest management and improved livelihoods. Three assumptions underlie this theory and narrative: i) democratic decentralization is a means of institutionalizing and scaling up community-based natural resource management; ii) rural people benefit from the forest and will conserve it; iii) the success of decentralization can be measured by lack (or lower rates) of deforestation. The paper argues that the first two assumptions do not hold when tested with primary and secondary data and that the third assumption is incorrect and should be discarded. A revised theory of decentralized forest management needs to be developed and an initial sketch is discussed.Book18p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2005IDDetermination of eligible lands for A/R CDM project activities and of priority Districts for project development support in IndonesiaMurdiyarso, D.Puntodewo, A.Widayati, A.van Noordwijk, MCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2006carbon sequestrationgreenhouse gasesemissionprojectsselection criterialand useafforestationforestsBased on the best available remote sensing data from before 1990, the total area of formally eligible lands in Indonesia for the aff orestation and reforestation (A/R) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) activities under the Kyoto protocol is about 46 M ha. Priorities for assistance in the development of A/R CDM project activities may use criteria based on (i) the Human Development Index (HDI), which is focused on districts with below-average HDI; (ii) population density, which is in the range where the land/labour ratio is conducive to profi table tree-based farming systems; and (iii) Fire Risk Index (FRI). Overall the lists for Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Molluca, and Papua that meet these criteria involve 302 Districts, 195 M ha of total area in the districts with 48 M ha of &lsquo;eligible Kyoto lands&rsquo; and 158 M people and a mean HDI of 64.7. Th e mean of district-level population density is 293 persons/km2 and the mean FRI is 0.086. When a &lsquo;default&rsquo; setting of the criteria (minimum 15% of eligible lands in the district, population density between 10 and 100 persons/km2, HDI below 65), we obtain a priority list of 60 districts (20% of the total). Th is priority lists involves 46 M ha in the districts (24% of the total) with 19 M ha of &lsquo;Kyoto lands&rsquo; (40% of the total) and 19.5 M people (12% of the total) and a mean HDI of 62.9 (refl ecting the &lsquo;pro-poor&rsquo; prioritisation), mean of district-level population density of 53 persons/km2 (the larger districts tend to have lower densities) and mean FRI of 0.135 (60% higher than for the set as a whole).http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMurdiyarso0601.pdf979-24-4622-2Book39p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2002IDChina and the global market for forest products: transforming trade to benefit forests and livelihoodsWhite, A.Xiufang SunCanby, K.Jintao XuBarr, C.Cossalter, C.Nilsson, SForest TrendsWashington, D.C., USA2006forest productsforest products industriesmarketslogspanelspulp and paper industryimportsexportssupplyCopyrighted by Forest Trends. Reproduction is permitted.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Chinamarket.pdf1-932928-21-9Book31p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1994CNProceedings of Launching Model Forest Indonesia as part of the International Model Forest Network, Jakarta, 2 December 2004Indonesia. Ministry of ForestryCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006forest managementforest policypartnershipsforestry developmentmodelsdevelopment projectsregional governmentinternational cooperationconferencesInternational Model Forest Network Secretariathttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCIFOR0601.pdf979-24-4619-2Book87p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1986IDAnimal indicators: a tool to assess biotic integrity after logging tropical forests?Azevedo-Ramos, C.de Carvalho, O, Jr.Nasi, RInstituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazonia (IPAM)Belem, Brazil2005animalsfaunalogging effectsbiodiversityconservationindicatorsassessmentforest ecologyAlso available in SpanishA literature survey was conducted to assess animal responses to logging and evaluate the usefulness of bioindicators as tools to assess biodiversity conservation in logged tropical forests. The survey indicated that studies on the impact of logging on arthropods and herpetofauna are under-represented. Mammals are the main subject of studies addressing the effect of logging on fauna. Overall, logging does have an effect on some animals but the responses varied between and within animal groups. Additionally, most of the studies conducted so far vary greatly in the forest structures, taxa, methodologies, and logging intensities and histories of the study site, resulting in a lack of comparability among papers. Few studies have investigated linkages between changes in the composition of animal groups and the functional significance of these changes, nor have they correlated responses with environmental changes after logging, complicating determination of cause-effect relationships. Further difficulties were taxonomical complexity, the small number of trained people, the costs of monitoring population trends, the lack of information on the relations between changes in different groups, and the lack of congruence between traditional scales of research (plots) and appropriate scales of land management. The sum of these difficulties suggests that until now animal indicators for monitoring biodiversity conservation in logging operations may be ineffective to implement in forest managements. In this context, indicator development continues to be a critical research need in forest ecology. However, it is good to keep in mind that in management systems, where changes are usually inevitable and most of time desirable, proposed indicators would actually be doing their role of early warning when facilitating the assessment of the acceptable degree of habitat modification. Until there, more broadly inventories are still needed to assess biodiversity status in logging operations. Book68p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1963IDAnimais como indicadores: Uma ferramenta para acessar a integridade biologica apos a exploraçao madeireira em florestas tropicais?Azevedo-Ramos, C.de Carvalho, O, Jr.Nasi, RInstituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazonia (IPAM)Belem, Brazil2005animalsfaunalogging effectsbiodiversityconservationindicatorsassessmentforest ecologyAlso available in EnglishA literature survey was conducted to assess animal responses to logging and evaluate the usefulness of bioindicators as tools to assess biodiversity conservation in logged tropical forests. The survey indicated that studies on the impact of logging on arthropods and herpetofauna are under-represented. Mammals are the main subject of studies addressing the effect of logging on fauna. Overall, logging does have an effect on some animals but the responses varied between and within animal groups. Additionally, most of the studies conducted so far vary greatly in the forest structures, taxa, methodologies, and logging intensities and histories of the study site, resulting in a lack of comparability among papers. Few studies have investigated linkages between changes in the composition of animal groups and the functional significance of these changes, nor have they correlated responses with environmental changes after logging, complicating determination of cause-effect relationships. Further difficulties were taxonomical complexity, the small number of trained people, the costs of monitoring population trends, the lack of information on the relations between changes in different groups, and the lack of congruence between traditional scales of research (plots) and appropriate scales of land management. The sum of these difficulties suggests that until now animal indicators for monitoring biodiversity conservation in logging operations may be ineffective to implement in forest managements. In this context, indicator development continues to be a critical research need in forest ecology. However, it is good to keep in mind that in management systems, where changes are usually inevitable and most of time desirable, proposed indicators would actually be doing their role of early warning when facilitating the assessment of the acceptable degree of habitat modification. Until there, more broadly inventories are still needed to assess biodiversity status in logging operations. Book62p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1964IDForests for the new millenium: making forests work for people and natureMery, G.Alvaro, R.Kanninen, M.Lobovikov, M.Vanhanen, H.Pye-Smith, C.edsMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Finland and International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO)Helsinki, Finland2005forest policyAlso available in French and Spanish951-724-487-8Book36p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1952IDDes forets pour le nouveau millenaire: des forets a gerer dans l'interet des gens et de la natureMery, G.Alvaro, R.Kanninen, M.Lobovikov, M.Vanhanen, H.Pye-Smith, C.edsMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Finland and International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO)Helsinki, Finland2005forest policyforest managementAlso available in English and Spanish951-724-489-4Book36p.frCIFOR Head Quarter1953IDBosques para el nuevo milenio: bosques que beneficien a la gente y sustenten la naturalezaMery, G.Alvaro, R.Kanninen, M.Lobovikov, M.Vanhanen, H.Pye-Smith, C.edsMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Finland and International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO)Helsinki, Finland2005forest policyforest managementAlso available in English and French951-724-488-6Book36p.esCIFOR Head Quarter1954IDEcosystems and human well-being: multiscale assessments: findings of the Sub-global Assessments Working Group of the Millenium Ecosystem AssessmentCapistrano, D.Samper, C.Lee, M.J.Raudsepp-Hearne, C.edsIsland PressWashington, D.C., USA2005human ecologyecosystemsenvironmental managementbiodiversitysocial welfareassessmentMillenium Ecosystem Assessment (Program). Sub-global Assessments Working Group1-55963-186-4Book388p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1948IDLocal policy-making mechanisms: processes, implementation and impacts of the decentralized forest management system in Tanjung Jabung Barat District, Jambi, SumatraSudirmanWiliam, D.Herlina, NCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationforest policylocal governmentlocal planningcommunitiesdecision makingparticipationcommunity involvementFollowing the enactment of Decentralization Laws No. 22/1999 and No. 25/1999, and several Forestry Ministry&rsquo;s decrees issued in 1999, district governments throughout Indonesia were given a greater authority to formulate local regulations over forest resources. The District Government of Tanjung Jabung Barat in Jambi took this opportunity to introduce three policies regarding small-scale timber utilization and forestry revenues. This report begins with a normative legal analysis and basic evaluation of these policies. It then explores the district&rsquo;s policy-making processes and mechanisms for implementing district regulations and describes the functions and roles of the relevant district institutions. The report then figures out the players in the process and how they influence the policy agenda and at the end provides an analysis of the impacts of decentralized forest policies on local people, focusing on small-scale timber concession licences. This work is the result of research meant to generate information and analysis to facilitate negotiated recommendations for improving forest policies and policy making processes by supporting public input to shape the decentralized forestry policy agenda for the district, and help develop a forest management model oriented to increased prosperity and justice for local people. The research calls for the District to draft a new regulation on public participation in district policy making, with the policy objective of building consensus and synergy amongst local stakeholders by using appropriate public involvement mechanisms.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSudirman0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSudirman0602.pdf979-24-4600-1Bookix, 48p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1947IDKompleksitas pengelolaan sumberdaya hutan di era otonomi daerah: studi kasus di Kabupaten Sintang, Kalimantan BaratYasmi, Y.Anshari, G.Z.Alqadrie, S.Budiarto, T.NgusmantoAbidin, E.Komarudin, H.McGrath, S.ZulkifliAfifudinCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationgovernanceforest resourcesforest managementforest policyrural communitiesconcessionslivelihoodsrural developmentconflictimpactcase studiesAlso available in EnglishThe study attempted to understand the dynamics and complexities of forest resources management following decentralization, the interactions among stakeholders in forest resources management, and the impacts of the new legislation on local community livelihoods in Sintang District, West Kalimantan. Forestry policies implemented in the district before and after the introduction of legislation granting regional autonomy and the emergence of small-scale timber concessions are described. Qualitative research methodologies, i.e. semi-structured interviews, fi eld observations and workshops, were used. The results show that the decentralization of forest management had not proceeded smoothly because of the lack of regulations governing implementation, and that the decentralized forest policies had had both positive and negative impacts. Focusing on 100-ha forest product harvest concessions (HPHH), the study examined opportunities for local communities and other stakeholders to participate in the management of forest resources, the contributions of the small-scale forest concessions to district development and local community livelihoods, and social conflicts arising from a complex combination of factors.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BYasmi0601.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BYasmi0602.pdf979-3361-93-XBookvii, 33p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1946IDTowards a shared vision and action frame for community forestry in Liberia: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Community Forestry in Liberia, Monrovia, 12-15 December 2005CIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005community forestryrural communitiesproperty rightscommon property resourcesprojectsplanningconferencesThis volume contains proceedings of a historic workshop held in December 2005 that has brought clarity to the concept of community forestry in Liberia. The workshop addressed a wide range of issues pertaining to community forestry, based on presentations from a range of experts, local community representatives, policy makers, researchers and the donor community. The &lsquo;Monrovia Declaration&rsquo; adopted by the wide cross-section of stakeholders in Liberian forestry who attended the workshop, sets out a framework for future action on community forestry based on a common understanding of how the concept can be made practical in the Liberian context. It was the unanimous view of all workshop participants that community forestry had great potential to act as the motor for sustainable development of Liberia&rsquo;s rural areas, and within an integrated framework that will help safeguard the country&rsquo;s rich and diverse forest for posterity. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCIFOR0504.pdf979-24-4617-6Book110p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1938LRFinancing pulp mills: an appraisal of risk assessment and safeguard proceduresSpek, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2006pulp and paper industrymilling industrymillsprojectsrisk assessmentinvestment planningenvironmental impactsocial impactThis study analyses the risk assessment and socio-environmental safeguard procedures associated with the financing of pulp mill projects. The type and cost of the fibre source is clearly key to the economic competitiveness of any pulp mill. Nevertheless, investment institutions often carry out only limited assessment of the fibre source of the proposed mill. Although a growing number of financial institutions have adopted policies to employ social and environmental safeguard screening for investments in developing countries and transitioning economies, the scope of such screenings is in fact quite limited and they are often implemented ineffectively. In this way, investment institutions often underestimate both the financial risks associated with pulp mills, as well as their social and environmental impacts. Most greenfield pulp mill projects developed by new sponsors are subject to safeguard screening. The primary focus of these screenings is on the manufacturing aspects of the mill, and not on fibre supply which in many cases is still years from being realised. This is an inherent weakness. Projections and reports provided by project sponsors are often insufficiently detailed to allow investment institutions to identify weaknesses and omissions. Better results can also be obtained by looking beyond the project at hand to review the project sponsor&rsquo;s track record in existing and previous ventures.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSpek0601.pdf979-24-4612-5Book86p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1982LRPayment is good, control is better: why payments for forest environmental services in Vietnam have so far remained incipientWunder, S.Bui Dung TheIbarra, ECIFORBogor, Indonesia2005environmentenvironmental managementenvironmental servicesforest policyforest economicseconomic analysishttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BWunder0601.pdf979-24-4611-7Book61p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1912LRThe impact of special autonomy on Papua&rsquo;s forestry sector: empowering customary communities (masyarakat adat) in decentralized forestry development in Manokwari districtTokede, M.J.Wiliam, D.WidodoGandhi, Y.Imburi, C.PatriahadiMarwa, J.Yufuai, M.CCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationforest managementconcessionscooperativesrural communitieslivelihoodsThe report focuses on the impacts of special autonomy in Papua on the forestry sector. It studies the advantages and problems associated with the current forestry management system. The most significant change following special autonomy for Papua was the introduction of small-scale concession permits granted to community cooperatives, locally known as Kopermas. As a result, CIFOR and the State University of Papua&rsquo;s research focused on these Kopermas, analyzing data on timber production and revenues from concessions, and determining the flow of benefits to customary communities&rsquo; incomes and to regional revenues. The objective was to determine how effectively the Kopermas system has empowered local communities. Using a combination of conventional and participatory/action research methods, the research team evaluated the livelihoods and environmental value of forest resources for local people. We also facilitated stakeholder input into our research findings and analysis. The team also worked with local communities to determine their current capacity for forest management; which mechanisms were used to distribute the benefits from the new system; and how people were involved in decision-making about permit applications and concession management. This research found some direct involvement of local people in forest management and short-term benefits for local communities. However, we also found that the benefits from timber revenues have not been fairly shared among local people and other actors involved in the timber business. As a result, community forestry cooperatives have yet to contribute to equitable and sustainable development for local people. To improve this situation, local stakeholders identified an urgent need to empower customary organizations and individuals by equipping them to manage their own natural resources independently. This will reduce the likelihood that communities are exploited by more powerful stakeholders in the future. Alongside low capacity, facilities and skills for commercial forest management, challenges included low levels of information about government policy, unclear and inconsistent regulations and implementing guidelines, lack of recognition of communities&rsquo; rights, and lack of capital for investment. Local people concluded that government institutions and local stakeholders should take a more proactive role to provide the necessary assistance and advice. The government needs to issue and socialize policies with practical and applicable sanctions for non-compliance and to facilitate local involvement in policy making regarding permit issuance and provincial and district spatial planning processes. Coordination and cooperation among the relevant institutions and organizations could also be improved.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BTokede0501.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BTokede0602.pdf979-3361-98-0Book33p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1900LRThe dynamics of decentralization in the forestry sector in South Sulawesi: the history, realities and challenges of decentralized governanceNgakan, P.O.Achmad, A.Wiliam, D.Lahae, K.Tako, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationlocal governmentlocal communitieslocal planningcommunity involvementsocial forestrycustomary lawproperty rightsforest resourcesresource managementcase studieshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BNgakan0501.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BNgakan0502.pdf979-3361-94-8Book72p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1898LRThe complexities of managing forest resources in post-decentralization Indonesia: a case study from Sintang District, West KalimantanYasmi, Y.Anshari, G.Z.Alqadrie, S.Budiarto, T.NgusmantoAbidin, E.Komarudin, H.McGrath, S.ZulkifliAfifudinCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationgovernanceforest resourcesforest managementforest policyrural communitiesconcessionslivelihoodsrural developmentconflictimpactAlso available in IndonesianThe study attempted to understand the dynamics and complexities of forest resources management following decentralization, the interactions among stakeholders in forest resources management, and the impacts of the new legislation on local community livelihoods in Sintang District, West Kalimantan. Forestry policies implemented in the district before and after the introduction of legislation granting regional autonomy and the emergence of small-scale timber concessions are described. Qualitative research methodologies, i.e. semi-structured interviews, fi eld observations and workshops, were used. The results show that the decentralization of forest management had not proceeded smoothly because of the lack of regulations governing implementation, and that the decentralized forest policies had had both positive and negative impacts. Focusing on 100-ha forest product harvest concessions (HPHH), the study examined opportunities for local communities and other stakeholders to participate in the management of forest resources, the contributions of the small-scale forest concessions to district development and local community livelihoods, and social conflicts arising from a complex combination of factors.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BYasmi0602.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BYasmi0601.pdf979-3361-92-1Book29p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1897LRPembelajaran sosial dalam pengelolaan hutan komunitas: social learning in community forestsWollenberg, E.Edmunds, D.Buck, L.Fox, J.Brodt, S.edsPustaka LATIN and CIFORBogor, Indonesia2005learningsocial environmentcommunity forestryforest managementconferencesOriginal title: Social learning in community forest was published in 2001 by CIFOR and the East-West Center. Pdf version is available from CIFOR website.How can different interest groups engage together in learning processes that enable them to better manage community forests? In this volume, practitioners from eight countries document their experience with the aim of identifying how to characterize social learning, as well as how to improve upon current practice. Analysis of current approaches to facilitation and the circumstances or platforms of learning indicate the need for more attention to the different avenues and styles of learning and the potential benefits of using multiple avenues. Learning styles and approaches need to be responsive to stakeholders&rsquo; preferences, culture, and changes in management needs. Multiple approaches are likely if the goal is to reach all the necessary parties and to be relevant to changing conditions over time. In documenting these experiences, the authors link their observations to concepts, labels and the theory of social learning to further advance our general understanding of multi-stakeholder processes in forest management.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch1.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch2.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch3.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch4.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch5.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch6.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch7.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch8.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch9.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/SocialLearning/BWollenberg0701-Ch10.pdf979-25-0785-XBookxix, 264p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1895LRTropical forests and adaptation to climate change: in search of synergiesRobledo, C.Kanninen, M.Pedroni, L.edsCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005climatic changetropical forestsbiodiversityadaptationnatural resourcesresource managementpolicylivelihoodssustainabilitydeveloping countriesconferencesThis book encompasses inputs from science, policy making and development cooperation with regard to the linkages between climate change, sustainable livelihoods and biological diversity. It presents experiences, challenges and alternatives to scientists and practitioners for commonly assessing the needs of poor livelihoods to successfully cope with climate change as well as for bridging the gap towards a meaningful implementation of adaptation measures. It is based on the recognition of the need to establish a bridge between science, policy making and development cooperation with regard to promoting adaptation to climate change and variability at the local level. Many of the articles included are based on the discussions that took place during the international workshop on &ldquo;Adaptation to Climate Change, Sustainable Livelihoods and Biological Diversity&ldquo;, held March 2004 in Turrialba, Costa Rica.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BCarmenza0501.pdf979-24-4604-4Book186p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1892LRLa riqueza de los bosques mexicanos: mas alla de la madera: experiencias de comunidades ruralesLopez, C.Chanfon, S.Segura, G.edsSecretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (Semarnat) and CIFORMontana, Mexico2005non-timber forest productscommunity forestryrural communitiesforest productsThe book contains 19 non-timber forest products (NTFPs) cases representing the main ecological areas of Mexico and written by experts in collaboration with technicians and local producers. The aim of the book is to promote the exchange of knowledge and experiences about NTFPs among mexican rural communities.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLopez0501S0.pdf968-817-714-8Book200p.esCIFOR Head Quarter1890MXEcosystems and human well-being: synthesisMillenium Ecosystem AssessmentIsland PressWashington, DC2005human ecologyecosystemsenvironmental managementMilleniun Ecosystem Assessment (Program)A report of the Millenium Ecosystem Assessment1-59726-040-1Book137p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1888MXThe complex forest: communities, uncertainty, and adaptive collaborative managementColfer, C.J.PResources for the Future and Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Washington, D.C., USA2005forest managementcommunity involvementcommunitiesparticipationforest policyadaptationforestrysustainabilityresearchmethodology1-933115-12-2Bookxii, 370p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1880MXInfluencing the global forest policy agenda: an evaluation of CIFOR's researchSpilsbury, M.J.Bose, PCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005researchforest policyimpactbibliometricresearch supportorganizationsCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) research projects attempt to achieve impact by promoting the uptake of research findings across differing &lsquo;impact pathways&rsquo;. Some CIFOR research outputs are tailored to specific local situations, however many more research outputs are intended to be of international relevance and are often widely disseminated. This paper summarises literature on the influence of research on policy, highlights key organizations that act to shape the international forest agenda and explores the nature and significance of citations, and other bibliographic information as evidence of research influence on policy. Two broad, and partially overlapping, policy impact pathways are examined: 1.) research influence on organizations responsible for major financial flows to forest-related development assistance; 2.) research influence on the key organizations that help shape the global forest agenda. Evidence of CIFOR influence on important international policy actors and policy processes is drawn from bibliographic analysis (citations, acknowledgements and author contributions) in the 309 important forest-related policy documents examined. The findings highlight the success CIFOR has achieved in shaping the views and actions of influential organizations and actors at the international level including the World Bank, FAO and the CBD.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSpilsbury0501.pdfBook53p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1873MXAn evaluation of POLEX (CIFOR&rsquo;s Forest Policy Experts Listserv): targeting key forest agenda-settersSpilsbury, M.J.Haase, NCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005forest policyimpactdiffusion of informationsurveyscomputer networksA relatively small number of policymakers and opinion leaders in government department, donor agencies, development banks and NGOs make many of the most important and far-reaching decisions about forests and forest policy; these individuals have a great deal of influence over other decision makers and significantly affect the allocation of resources to forest initiatives. POLEX, the Forest Policy Experts listserv, specifically targets this audience. As part of a global readership survey and impact assessment of the POLEX listserv, 5,689 surveys were sent by email to a stratified random sample. The survey returns shows that patterns of organizational affiliation vary across POLEX language lists. The study shows that POLEX has been hugely successful. It reaches a large audience that includes a very high proportion of the world&rsquo;s most influential shapers of policy and decisions affecting forests. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSpilsbury0502.pdfBook82p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1874MXThe sustainability of forest management: assessing the impact of CIFOR criteria and indicators researchSpilsbury, M.JCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005forest managementimpactcriteriaindicatorsresearch projectscertificationimprovementThe Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Criteria and Indicators (C&I) research responded to an international demand for science to help clarify the assessment of sustainable forest management through development and improvement of C&I. C&I help define standards for sustainable forest management and are now being used by many different groups. The impact study shows, through examination of public assessment reports, that certification, in turn, has led to large improvements in sustainable forest management on the ground. Substantial areas of forests have been certified, and the issues most closely associated with CIFOR research contributions to certification standards commonly feature in public records of certification audits. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BSpilsbury0503.pdfBook126p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1875MXCIFOR&rsquo;s role in research collaboration: learning from partners&rsquo; perspectiveBose, PCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005CIFORcollaborationresearchpartnershipsresearch projectsCIFORnetworkingCollaboration is often viewed as a &lsquo;good thing&rsquo;, so most international organizations actively promote research partnerships. Often, the challenges faced by academic departments and research institutions when trying to measure the impact of working with partners are: how best should the impact of a research partnership be assessed, and what factors hinder effective collaboration among partners? For the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), undertaking research in collaboration with partners remains a key principle in seeking to influence policies and public opinion. Based on data from 200 research partners from 38 countries, this study examines the role of CIFOR&rsquo;s collaborative research, from the partners&rsquo; viewpoint. The study attempts to outline how networking, capacity building and acting as an intermediary among partners can have beneficial outcomes for (or impacts on) those partners. The responses from partners show that they perceive collaborative research on forests and people as being successful. They attribute this to strong and strategic vision, and shared leadership that purposely seeks to create collaborative advantage. The study concludes that collaborative research plays a crucial role in establishing networks and thereby helps to achieve wider dissemination of research findings and their implications. http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BBose0502.pdfBook65p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1934MXPlantulas de 60 especies forestales de Bolivia: guia IlustradaTolido, M.Cruz, M.Pariona, W.Mostacedo, BInstituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), WWF, CIFORSanta Cruz, Bolivia2005plantsseedlingsforestsspeciesdescriptionshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BToledo0501.pdf99905-0-732-5Book73p.esCIFOR Head Quarter1871BOCarving out a future: forests, livelihoods and the international woodcarving tradeCunningham, A.B.Campbell, B.M.Belcher, B.edsEarthscanLondon, UK2005wood carvingforest products industriesnon-timber forest productstradeinternational tradeenvironmental factors1-84407-045-XBookxxii, 293p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1843BOForests in the global balance - changing paradigmsMery, G.Alfaro, R.I.Kanninen, M.Lobovikov, M.edsIUFROVienna, Austria2005forest managementgovernancelivelihoodsforest policyforestry developmentproperty rightssocioeconomicsforestsecosystemsenvironmental management3-901347-55-0Book318p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1827BOCIFOR annual report 2004: forest for people and the enviromentCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005CIFORforest managementforest policyresearch projectsreportsresearch instituteshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004S.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004F.pdf979-3361-84-0Book68p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1820BOInforme Anual de CIFOR 2004: Bosques para la gente y el medio ambienteCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005CIFORforest managementforest policyresearch projectsreportsresearch instituteshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004S.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004F.pdf979-3361-84-0Book68p.esCIFOR Head Quarter1988BORapport annuel 2004 de CIFOR: Forêts pour les populations et l&rsquo;environnementCIFORCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005CIFORforest managementforest policyresearch projectsreportsresearch instituteshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004S.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/AReports/AR2004F.pdf979-3361-84-0Book68p.frCIFOR Head Quarter1989BOTerminalia amazonia: ecologia y silviculturaMontero M., M.Kanninen, MCATIETurrialba, Costa Rica2005Terminalia amazoniasilvicultureCATIE9977-57-404-9Book32p.ptCIFOR Head Quarter1814BOForest products, livelihoods and conservation: case studies of non-timber forest product systems. volume 3 - Latin AmericaAlexiades, M.N.Shanley, P.edsCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005forest productsnon-timber forest productssocial welfarenature conservationcase studiesOriginal title: Productos forestales, medios de subsistencia y conservacion: estudios de caso sobre sistemas de manejo de productos forestales no maderables. volumen 3 - America Latinahttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BAlexiades0701.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/NTFPLatin_America/TOC-Chapter5.PDFhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/NTFPLatin_America/Chapter6-Chapter10.PDFhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/NTFPLatin_America/Chapter11-Chapter16.PDFhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/NTFPLatin_America/Chapter17-Chapter20.PDFhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/NTFPLatin_America/Chapter21-Chapter24.PDF979-3361-24-7Book471p.enCIFOR Head Quarter2281BOA first look at the fish species of the middle Malinau: taxonomy, ecology, vulnerability and importanceRachmatika, I.Nasi, R.Sheil, D.Wan, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005fishesfreshwater fishesspeciesdiversityusestaxonomyecologylogging effectsThe Malinau watershed in Northeast Kalimantan is essential for local communities both as a source of food and as a means of transport. The two main rivers sampled in this study Seturan and Rian rivers belong to the Malinau watershed. Seturan water catchment has high fish diversity (containes 47 fish species, 32 genera, 13 families and 3 orders) where these fishes are important to local people as food items, for sale and other purpuses. Local knowledge is clearly underlined by the fact that virtually all species recorded are known and distinguished by local informants. Some species are vulnerable to local-use changes (mainly sedimentation). This paper contains an initial checklist of the fish in the area bordered by the Seturan and Rian rivers. This list is annotated with special reference to the habitat each species is found in, and an assessment of which species have importance in local communities - and for what reasons.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRachmatika0501.pdf979-3361-67-0Bookvi, 34p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1813IDFresh tracks in the forest: assessing incipient payments for environmental services initiatives in BoliviaRobertson, N.Wunder, SCenter for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Bogor, Indonesia2005nature conservationincentiveseconomic evaluationwatershed managementcarbon sequestrationenvironmental impactbiodiversitynature tourismsocial impactcase studiesPayments for Environmental Services (PES) are being considered worldwide with great interest and expectation. Proposals to create agreements in which beneficiaries of environmental services pay landowners directly for the provision or protection of these services are innovative and promising. But what real PES experiences are actually out there? This work assesses a range of PES or PES-type experiences in one country, Bolivia, in the fields of carbon sequestration, protection of watershed services, biodiversity and aesthetic landscape values. The report concludes that while none of the generally young initiatives adhere fully to the principle of PES as developed in the theoretical literature, many experiment with some of the relevant PES mechanisms. Protection of watersheds and landscape values are the most common types, though the implementing intermediaries often have underlying biodiversity-protection goals. Main obstacles to PES implementation include ideological resistance against the PES concept, the difficulty of building trust between buyers and sellers, and limited willingness to pay on behalf of service users. During their relatively short lifetime, basically all initiatives had been successful in making service sellers (PES recipients) better off in economic terms, while the effectiveness in achieving environmental objectives and securing positive social impacts so far remained more variable. In some cases, redesigning these initiatives to bring them closer to the full PES principles could also enable them to more effectively achieve positive environmental and livelihood outcomes.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRobertson0501S.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BRobertson0501.pdf979-3361-81-6Bookxii, 137p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1811BOThough all things differ: pluralism as a basis for cooperation in forestsWollenberg, E.Anderson, J.Lopez, CCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005pluralismforest managementinterest groupsdiversitydecision makingsocial participationsocial interactioncommunity forestrygovernanceguidelinesPluralism is a political belief that acknowledges individuals&rsquo; rights to pursue their interests, but requires society to resolve differences where they infringe upon each other. This guide shows how pluralism helps people to value social differences and provides clear principles and rules about how to coordinate those differences. The guide reviews pluralism&rsquo;s origins, key elements and strengths and weaknesses. It examines how people think about differences, including the psychological obstacles that cause us to exclude or ignore others. Practices are examined with examples drawn from forest-related contexts: legal pluralism, multistakeholder processes and diversity in work teams. Questions are provided to help the reader assess and practice pluralism in their own settings. The guide concludes that understanding the political assumptions and principles of pluralism can enrich our understanding of current practices to develop fundamentally new approaches to forest decision-making.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BWollenberg0501.pdf979-3361-71-9Bookvii, 101p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1805BOPanduan singkat cara pembuatan arang kayu: alternatif pemanfaatan limbah kayu oleh masyarakatIskandar, H.Santoso, K.DCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005charcoalhandbooksnon-timber forest productsshifting cultivationThis handy Manual book of &ldquo;Making Charcoal - Alternative to utilization of wood waste by local communities&rdquo; was summarized from several topics of &ldquo;Training on Utilization of Wood-waste by Local Communities for wood carving and charcoal&rdquo;, carried out on 17-27 April 2004 in MRF Seturan Research station. The training, indeed was following activities CIFOR prior study on wood-waste potential from opening ladang (swidden fallows) and logging activities in Malinau District, East Kalimantan. Dissemination information relating to the alternatives utilization of wood-waste to the broader audiences, particularly the local communities, was the main concern to making this manual book. It is expected that as output of dissemination of this books, local peoples will be enriched with more information regarding the utilization of waste for charcoal making, and will bring impact on each of their own community and livelihood. This impact is, in particular, the change from the present traditional shifting cultivation of slash-and-burn to slash-and-char system. The slash-and-char system increases the intensity and productivity of the ladang (swidden fallows). The rate of deforestation is expected to be reduced by the adoption of this system.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BIskandar0501.pdf979-3361-85-9Book43p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1804BOLocal perspectives of forest landscapes: A preliminary evaluation of land and soils, and their importance in Malinau, East Kalimantan, IndonesiaBasuki, I.Sheil, DCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005land usesoilwatershedscultivationdecision makingforest resourceslocal peopleAll too often communities and their natural environments are the victims of poorly informed decisions. Those coming from outside often have little understanding of how local people perceive and prioritize the natural resources they depend on. The enormous harm poorly informed decisions can inflict on both people and the environment can and must be avoided. The research evaluates the relationship between the people of the forest rich Malinau river valley of East Kalimantan and the condition of local land resources. Its central aim is to clarify local peoples&rsquo; views and knowledge about their land resources and to suggest promising land-use choices. the authors worked with seven communities in implementing a variety of natural resource research activities. This report focuses on results from the land and soils aspects of these surveys. It considers a range of important questions and issues, including: The nature of land and soil conditions in the upper Malinau Watershed; How local people perceive and use this landscape; How local views regarding cultivation choices differ from technical evaluations; Best land-use options http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BBasuki0501.pdf979-3361-72-7Bookxv, 114p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1766BOLearning to adapt: managing forests together in IndonesiaKusumanto, T.Yuliani, L.Macoun, P.Indriatmoko, Y.Adnan, HCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005forest managementsocial participationcollaborationparticipationlearninginterest groupscommunity involvementuncertaintymethodologyThere is an increasing need to enhance the quality of forest management in many places around the world. This need often arises from disagreements among interest groups using the same forestland and forest resources. This situation also holds true for Indonesia. Yet while it is generally agreed that the problem should be tackled through better collaboration among competing groups, there are many questions about how to go about it in practice. This book tries to answer some of them. It is about a learning-based approach to collaboration, called Adaptive Collaborative Management (ACM). It draws on the experience of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) in researching and applying ACM in two sites in Indonesia: Sumatra and Kalimantan. It presents the way in which a team of action researchers assisted local groups and institutions in jointly addressing local resource problems and the outcomes and implications for wider application in the country. The book aims to support community workers, field-based staff of organisations like non-governmental organisations (NGOs), government extension workers and project staff, and trainers. It can be used as a reference, as a tool to facilitate local action, or simply as an account of experiences in applying a learning-based approach to forest management. The book can also be used as a basis for thinking about new methods, tools or concepts related to forests and for linking these to practice.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKusumanto0501.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BKusumanto0601.pdf979-3361-68-9Book191p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1780IDThe politics of decentralization: forests, people and powerColfer, C.J.P.Capistrano, D.edsEarthscan PublicationsLondon, UK2005decentralizationforest managementgovernanceresource managementnatural resources1-84407-205-3Book322p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1776IDOur knowledge for our survival: volume 1 - regional case studies on traditional forest related knowledge and the implementation of related international commitmentsNewing, H.Pinker, A.Leake, H.edsInternational Alliance of Indigenous and Tribal Peoples of the Tropical Forests (IAIPTF) and CIFORChiang Mai, Thailand2005indigenous knowledgelocal peopletraditional societyparticipationcase studiesBook303p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1767IDCarbon sequestration and sustainable livelihoods: a workshop synthesisMurdiyarso, D.Herawati, H.Iskandar, HCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005conferencescarbon sequestrationclimatic changecommunity developmentlivelihoodsprojectsCarbon sequestration projects conducted as part of community development strategies can offer considerable environmental and social benefits. Such initiatives do have some degree of compatibility with the dual objectives of the Kyoto Protocols&rsquo; Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The lessons learned from such initiatives in Mexico, Colombia, Costa Rica, Philippines, Indonesia, and Timor Leste generally demonstrate the importance of engaging strong local participation. Although most of these projects do not fully comply with the rigid guidelines governing the Kyoto Protocol&rsquo;s Clean Development Mechanism, this is partly because the current agreement only allows afforestation and reforestation project activities. Conservation of areas that store large amounts of carbon, such as in peat lands, is ineligible for funding under existing rules. This synthesis also looks at how strategic approaches might be addressed for including deforestation avoidance initiatives in the next round of negotiations and subsequent commitment period. To succeed, these projects employ a scientifically sound methodology in determining the baseline, monitoring additionality and leakage, and permanence. The workshop reviewed in this paper examined a range of possibilities, including mainstreaming gender equity, reviving traditional laws and implementing adaptation measures. Findings from the workshop suggest that climate change projects must include practical livelihood options and that further investigation of donor and policy responses is needed to determine the level of public funding these projects should receive and how to best encourage private sector involvement. The complexity of these projects is demonstrated with examples from a range of on-going projects. The workshop and this synthesis provide a valuable opportunity to share the lessons learned from community-based projects in different regulatory and institutional frameworks.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMurdiyarso0502.pdf979-3361-79-4Bookvi, 22p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1757IDForests, trees and livelihoodsPhilip, M.S.ed2005forest resourcesnon-timber forest productsresearch projectsrural communitiespovertysocial benefitsenvironmental impactIt consists of 8 selected papers from the International Conference on Rural Livelihoods, Forests and Biodiversity, Bonn, May 2003.Book126p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1748MGForests, Trees and Livelihoods1472-8028215Forests, trees and livelihoodsPhilip, M.S.edAB Academic PublisherOxon, UK2005forest resourcesnon-timber forest productsresearch projectsrural communitiespovertysocial benefitsenvironmental impactIt consists of 8 selected papers from the International Conference on Rural Livelihoods, Forests and Biodiversity, Bonn, May 2003.Book126p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1797MG1472-8028Profil desa-desa di Kabupaten Malinau: kondisi sosial ekonomi di desa-desaLimberg, G.Iwan, R.Sudana, M.Hartono, A.Henry, M.Hernawan, D.SoleMamung, D.Wollenberg, E.Moeliono, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005social activitieseconomic analysissurveysnatural resourcesvillageshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/ProfilMalinau.pdfBookx, 201p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1744IDProfil kampung-kampung di Kabupaten Kutai Barat: kondisi sosial ekonomi kampung-kampungCahyat, A.Iranon, B.Edna, B.Dalip, D.Tiaka, D.HaripuddinTugiono, K.Himang, M.G.D.Muksin, S.SupiansyahGoenner, CCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005social activitieseconomic analysissurveysnatural resourcesvillagesinstitutionslocal peoplehistoryhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/ProfilKutaiBarat.pdfBook375p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1768IDCarbon forestry: who will benefit?: proceedings of Workshop on Carbon Sequestration and Sustainable Livelihoods, held in Bogor on 16-17 February 2005Murdiyarso, D.Herawati, H.edsCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005case studiescarbon sequestrationKyoto Protocoldevelopment projectslivelihoodsclimatic changecommunity developmentclean development mechanismapplicationconferencesCarbon sequestration projects through land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) activities could demonstrate a win-win situation from the point of view of climate change and sustainable development. Under the current rules of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol the activities are limited to afforestation and reforestation. Properly designed, these projects conserve and/or increase carbon stock and at the same time improve rural livelihoods. Such projects have been developed and implemented in a number of countries with different ecosystems and social settings. They do not necessarily comply with the current legally binding carbon market under CDM but demonstrate the participation of the low-income rural communities in sustainable forestry, agroforestry and other natural resource management activities.This publication is a collection of the lessons learned from a number of case studies ranging from small to large scale projects, from community-based to corporate operations, and from development to conservation activities. Although most projects are still in their infancy stage and many more lessons to be learned it was realized that bundling climate change and community development projects is a practical approach to support sustainable livelihoods. At the same time the strategic approaches to influence the next rounds of climate negotiation were also addressed. These are dealing with issues, such as, avoiding deforestation and adaptation measures for vulnerable ecosystems and communities, who have relatively low adaptive capacity. Emerging markets for carbon in the context of rural development and organization were identified. This transition has had implications for the development of its institutional arrangements at project management and community levels, which in turn have affected the project&rsquo;s legitimacy and its ability to promote equitable outcomes. It has been demonstrated that purely carbon management-oriented activities are able to convince rural communities and investors to participate. Broader carbon forestry activities have the potentials to be integrated in the sustainable development agenda.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMurdiyarso0501.pdf979-3361-73-5Bookviii, 215p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1733IDDemocratic decentralisation through a natural resource lensRibot, J.C.Larson, A.M.edsRoutledgeOxon, UK2005policyforest managementforestry lawdecentralizationecological disturbancecommunity forestryparticipationdemocracylocal governmentcentral governmentgovernancenatural resourcesforest resourceslogginglocal communitywatershed managementland managementIt is simultenously also published in European Journal of Development Research, vol.16, no.1, 2004.0-415-34786-6Book260p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1731CMFrutiferas e plantas uteis na vida AmazonicaShanley, P.Medina, G.edsCIFOR and IMAZONBelem, Brazil2005non-timber forest productsusesbirdsplantsfoodsfruitsmushroomsspicesresinscase studiesforest productsharvestingtradehttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BShanley0501.pdf85-88808-02-1Book304p.ptCIFOR Head Quarter1732BRPobreza, descentralizacion y bosques en el norte amazonico bolivianoFuentes, D.Haches, R.Maldonado, R.Albornoz, M.A.Cronkleton, P.de Jong, W.Becker, MCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationforestrylegislationpovertypolicyrural communitieslocal governmentThis Spanish language book provides an overview of Bolivia&rsquo;s Amazonian department of Pando, its geography and the conditions faced by rural residents and local government. The book&rsquo;s six chapters provide detailed analysis of regional poverty and the government agencies and civil society actors responsible for poverty alleviation. Key topics include how Bolivia conceptualizes poverty, how data on poverty in the country are collected and reported, and how this information results in specific poverty reduction activities. The first three chapters provide a comprehensive overview of Bolivia's policies and legislation related to poverty reduction. Central to these are the Poverty Reduction Strategy and the National Dialogue Law that define the mechanisms that guide actions at the local level. The first three chapters form the introduction to a detailed analysis of poverty in the Amazon region of northern Bolivia, a region that relies largely on forestry production, and where CIFOR has been conducting social research since the mid 1990s. The book provides an excellent introduction to readers interested in poverty at the forest margins in Bolivia.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/Pobreza.pdf979-3361-62-XBookxii, 125p.esCIFOR Head Quarter1724BOKekayaan hutan Asia: makanan, rempah-rempah, kerajinan tangan, dan resinLopez, C.Shanley, P.edsGramedia Pustaka Utama for the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Jakarta, Indonesia2005non-timber forest productsusesbirdsplantsfoodsfruitsmushroomsspicesresinscase studiesforest productsharvestingtradeAlso available in English and JapaneseThis book contains 20 case studies that explain how a selection of forest resources featuring forest plans, animals and fungi are harvested, processed and traded. The botanical cases are presented according to the main part of the plant being used - the fruit, bark or resin. Sometimes the plants have multiple uses, or different cultures may use the same part of a particular plant in different ways. Animals and animal products that require forest habitat are also critical for rural livelihoods, and are represented in this volume by edible bird's nests and insect larvae. In each case, the book describes the main characteristics of the forest product, its historical usage, harvesting and management, and how it is processed and traded. In closing, each author comments briefly on trends and current issues regarding the resource. The final chapter reviews common themes and lessons that can be drawn from these cases.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/NTFP-Asia-case.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BLopez0801J0.pdf979-22-1191-8Book120p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1720BODomesticating forests: how farmers manage forest resourcesMichon, G.Aulong, S.Berenger, E.Clement, I.Goloubinoff, M.Katz, E.Sellato, BCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005forest managementforest resourcesuseslocal peoplecommunity forestrytraditional societycultureresource managementresource utilizationfarmersindigenous knowledgeshifting cultivationLocal people in South-east Asia are often cited as skilled forest managers. It is barely acknowledged that an essential part of this forest management does not concern natural forests, but forests that have been planted, often after the removal of pre-existing natural forests; forests that are cultivated not by professional foresters, but by sedentary or swidden farmers, on their farmlands; forests that are based not on exotic, fast-growing trees, but on local tree species, and harbour an incredible variety of plant and animal species. This book concentrates on forest cultivation by smallholder farmers in South-east Asia, not only because it constitutes altogether the most original and lesser known aspect of local forest management in the region, but also because, it represents the most promising field for the design of alternative strategies for the management of forest resources and forest lands. Natural forests are still present and actively managed in the region. So, why do people cut natural forests to replant the same species of forest trees they have just chopped down? Why have professional foresters, or the decision-makers in forest management, never seriously considered these examples of indigenous forest culture, however sustainable and profitable they may be? Many elements of the answer to these questions are given in this book, which is built on the conclusions of 10 years of multidisciplinary research and analysis on these systems. It shows how forest culture by farmers constitutes a strategy that questions the practical, conceptual and legal aspects of conventional forest management. It speaks for more scientific and political support to these systems, because they are altogether neglected, endangered and full of potential. Further it explains a why it is important to consider these examples as interesting alternative models to either forest extraction or specialized forest plantations, especially in the present context of depletion of natural forests all over the planet. Can the transfer of these original examples to other parts of the world be achieved? How can it be successful? This book helps to answer these important questions.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BMichon0501E0.pdf979-3361-65-4Book187p.enCIFOR Head Quarter447IDDinamika proses desentralisasi sektor kehutanan di Sulawesi Selatan: sejarah, realitas dan tantangan menuju pemerintahan otonomi yang mandiriNgakan, P.O.Achmad, A.Wiliam, D.Lahae, K.Tako, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2005decentralizationlocal governmentlocal communitieslocal planningcommunity involvementsocial forestrycustomary lawproperty rightsforest resourcesresource managementcase studieshttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BNgakan0502.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/BNgakan0501.pdf979-3361-95-6Book76p.idCIFOR Head Quarter1940IDPoverty alleviation and forests in VietnamSunderlin, W.D.Huynh Thu BaCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005povertyforest resourcesafforestationreviewsterminologyresearchforest managementrural developmentAlso available in Vietnamese.In Vietnam, as in many developing countries, there is an emerging interest in knowing to what extent and in what ways poverty alleviation can be achieved through use of forest resources, and to what extent poverty alleviation and maintenance or expansion of forest cover are compatible goals. This report seeks to summarize knowledge on this topic that can be obtained from the secondary literature. The methodological challenge is large because there exists a substantial literature on poverty alleviation in Vietnam, and separately a large literature on forestry, but there is little integration between the two. This review of the literature poses questions on: (1) the usefulness of forest resources in past poverty alleviation; (2) the usefulness of forest resources for future poverty alleviation; and (3) the degree of compatibility between poverty alleviation and plans for massive reforestation. The answers we provide to these questions are broad and lack precision, yet they serve as a crucial point of departure for addressing the linked issues of poverty alleviation and improved forest management. The review: (1) proposes additional research to fill the information void; (2) encourages the comparative method in this follow-up research; and (3) urges greater collaboration among government agencies responsible for poverty alleviation and forest management. A list of priority research questions is proposed.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/books/BSunderlin0501E0.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/books/BSunderlin0501V0.pdf979-3361-57-3Book73p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1660IDGiam ngheo va ru'ng o Viet NamSunderlin, W.D.Huynh Thu BaCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005povertyforest resourcesafforestationreviewsterminologyresearchforest managementrural developmentAlso available in EnglishIn Vietnam, as in many developing countries, there is an emerging interest in knowing to what extent and in what ways poverty alleviation can be achieved through use of forest resources, and to what extent poverty alleviation and maintenance or expansion of forest cover are compatible goals. This report seeks to summarize knowledge on this topic that can be obtained from the secondary literature. The methodological challenge is large because there exists a substantial literature on poverty alleviation in Vietnam, and separately a large literature on forestry, but there is little integration between the two. This review of the literature poses questions on: (1) the usefulness of forest resources in past poverty alleviation; (2) the usefulness of forest resources for future poverty alleviation; and (3) the degree of compatibility between poverty alleviation and plans for massive reforestation. The answers we provide to these questions are broad and lack precision, yet they serve as a crucial point of departure for addressing the linked issues of poverty alleviation and improved forest management. The review: (1) proposes additional research to fi ll the information void; (2) encourages the comparative method in this follow-up research; and (3) urges greater collaboration among government agencies responsible for poverty alleviation and forest management. A list of priority research questions is proposed.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/books/BSunderlin0501V0.pdfhttp://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/books/BSunderlin0501E0.pdf979-3361-58-1Book79p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1662IDLife after logging: reconciling wildlife conservation and production forestry in Indonesian BorneoMeijaard, E.Sheil, D.Nasi, R.Augeri, D.Rosenbaum, B.Iskandar, D.Setyawati, T.Lammertink, A.Rachmatika, I.Wong, A.Soehartono, T.Stanley, S.O'Brien, TCIFORBogor, Indonesia2005forest managementbiodiversityconservationreviewswildlifespecies diversitylogging effectsresearchguidelinesTranslated in Indonesian published in 2006 entitled Hutan pasca pemanenan: melindungi satwa liar dalam kegiatan hutan produksi di Kalimantan.This book presents a technical review of ecological and life history information on a range of Bornean wildlife species, aimed at identifying what makes these species sensitive to timber harvesting practices and associated impacts. It addresses three audiences: 1) those involved in assessing and regulating timber harvesting activities in Southeast Asia, 2) those involved in trying to achieve conservation goals in the region, and 3) those undertaking research to improve multipurpose forest management. This book shows that forest management can be improved in many simple ways to allow timber extraction and wildlife conservation to be more compatible than under current practices. The recommendations can also be valuable to the many governmental and non-governmental organisations promoting sustainable forest management and eco-labelling. Finally, it identifies a number of shortcomings and gaps in knowledge, which the hope can interest the scientific community and promote further research. This review is, an important scientific step toward understanding and improving sustainable forestry practices for long-term biodiversity conservation. Even in the short term, however, significant improvements can be made to improve both conservation and the efficiency of forest management, and there is no need to delay action due to a perceived lack of information. In the longer term it is expected that the recommendations from this review will be implemented, and that further research will continue to help foster an acceptable balance among the choices needed to maintain healthy wildlife populations and biodiversity in a productive forest estate.http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/books/BMeijaard0501E0.pdf979-3361-56-5Book345p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1663IDThe equitable forest: diversity, community and resource managementColfer, C.J.P.edResources for the Future and CIFORWashington, DC2005forest managementcase studiescommunity involvementcollaboration1-891853-78-3Book335p.enCIFOR Head Quarter1656NPThe role of elephants (Loxodonta Africana Blumenbach) in forest savanna vegetation in Rabongo forest, UgandaNampindo, SMakerere University, Faculty of Forestry and Nature ConservationKampala, Uganda2005successionrain forestsspecies richnessdamagestemsLoxodonta africanaThesis (MSc) - Makerere University, Faculty of Forestry and Nature ConservationThe Rabongo Forest is located in western Uganda. It is a very important forest for biodiversity and supports large herbivores such as elephants, buffaloes and frugivores (e.g. monkeys, and chimpanzees). The aim of the study was to examine the role of elephant foraging in influencing regeneration, forest composition and species diversity in Rabongo forest. Data were collected by complete re-measurement of seven one ha plots established in Rabongo Forest in 1992 by Douglas Sheil. Seedlings, samplings and trees, were enumerated and diameter at reference height (DRH) measured for all trees of (DRH ³ 10 cm) from sub plots measuring 20 m x 20 m. Results showed that there was an increase in stem density where a total of 3332 stems were recorded in 2001 census compared to 2474 stems in 1992. It is concluded that elephant foraging enhanced tree species diversity and forest regeneration. Rabongo forest is not likely to change to savanna grasslands given the current elephant foraging. Based on the results, it is recommended that monitoring of elephant populations and forest ecosystem for possible threats to conservation must be strengthened by park management. Activities such as landscape management, control of illegal poaching that have the potential to lead to sustainable elephant populations and forest cover should be promoted by Uganda Wildlife Authority and conservationists.Book93p.esCIFOR Head Quarter1788UGReduced impact logging guidelines for Indonesia (Vietnamese)EliasApplegate, G.Kartawinata, K.MachfudhKlassen, ACIFORBogor, Indonesia2005loggingtechniqueslogging effectssustainabilityguidelineshandbooksAlso available in English and IndonesianThe principles and practices for forest harvesting in Indonesia (2000) have been developed to provide a uniform set of minimum standards for logging practices in the production and limited production forests in Indonesia. The provide the standard for WHAT is involved in planning and implementing logging activities in natural forest and WHY certain operations should be undertaken. The Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) guidelines for Indonesia provides the mechanism for HOW the standards will be applied in the field or "how to do the work". Tractor skidding--mostly by crawlers and skidders--is the most common system (ca. 90%) used in the Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting (TPTI) System. Considering the fact that familiarity with more environmentally friendly logging system (such as cable and aerial logging) is still lacking in Indonesia, often due to cost, etc., RIL guidelines focus on ground-based harvesting which can be implemented in the lowland and hill forests in Indonesia. Target groups of this guidelines are production supervisors, RIL planners, bolck inspectors, road network planners, road construction supervisors, machine operators, chainsaw operators, tractor operators and their assistants. Book123p.esCIFOR Head Quarter1850ID