Tools
The key research tools in PEN research are the PEN prototype
questionnaire, the PEN Technical Guidelines, the list of codes,
the PEN database for data entry, and various notes on data
analysis and research methods to be developed as the project
progresses.
Students and researchers not directly linked to PEN are
welcome to use the questionnaire and guidelines in their own
work and for non-commercial purposes. Due reference and
acknowledgement should be made, using the following citations:
Comments to and suggestions for changes in the databases or manual can be
sent to:
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