Journal articles, books, working papers and reports

In this book chapter Rahman et al. (2008) explores why north Bangladeshi farmers  are resistant to adopting agroforestry even though it provides five times more value than alternative crops: Exploring the agroforestry adoption gap: Financial and socioeconomics of litchi-based agroforestry by smallholders in Rajshahi.

Duchelle et al. (2009) present a new type of graduate training model for tropical biologists. University programmes can prepare young scientists to engage in a partnership role in which students exchange knowledge during their research: Graduate students and knowledge exchange with local stakeholders:  Possibilities and preparation. 

PEN Partner Amy Duchelle is a coauthor of this 2009 paper which looks at how biologists and research institutions have successfully engaged local stakeholders in the research process. The partnership has proved mutually beneficial for investigators and local people alike and led to important innovations in tropical biology and conservation: Partnering for greater success:  Local stakeholders and research in tropical biology and conservation. 

This 2009 paper coauthored by PEN partner J.C. Tieguhong demonstrates the importance of bushmeat in the livelihoods of people living along the northern boundary of Lobeke National Park in eastern Cameroon: Supplies of bushmeat for livelihoods in logging towns in the Congo Basin.

PEN partners Rahman and Torres et al. (2008) explore the role of agroforestry in northern Bangladesh. Although it is a relatively new method, alley cropping is the most popular and widely accepted form of agroforestry in the study area because of its socio-economic advantages and environmental sustainability: Land use patterns and the scale of adoption of agroforestry in the rural landscapes of Padma floodplain in Bangladesh. (PDF, 159 KB)

Rahman (2007) explores the potentials and constraints to rural livelihoods of combined secondary and tree crop systems in Bangladesh: Potentials and constraints of combined secondary and tree crops systems in Bangladesh. (PDF, 383 KB)

Rahman et al. (2007) evaluated a multistrate agroforestry model in Northern Bangladesh, comparing it to traditional systems of monoculture, and found that the multistrata model gives much higher Net Present Value (NPV) than traditional monoculture systems.. The multistrata model is also more profitable and less risky than other agricultural options: Economic evaluation of multistrata agroforestry system practiced by traditional cultivators in northern Bangladesh.

P. Jagger (2008) challenges the view that governance reforms result in favourable livelihood outcomes for the poorest, with results showing that increases in forest income following the introduction of Uganda’s forest sector reform are limited to households in the highest income quartile and are primarily attributed to the sale of illegally harvested timber: Forest incomes after Uganda’s forest sector reform: Are the poor gaining?

Doctoral students and researchers from the University of Copenhagen’s Forest and Landscape Programme used the PEN method for their research in Africa, Asia and Latin America. This working paper (2008) summarises their experiences. It describes practical issues of research implementation. Coauthors include PEN partners J.F. Lund, P. Uberhuaga and J.P. Prado Córdova: When theory meets reality: How to do forest income surveys in practice.