• Carbon emission abatement costs from reduced deforestation

  Room: Legian Room

  Further information:

  Alternatives to slash and Burn- World Agroforestry Centre (ASB-ICRAF)
  Brent Swallow
  B.SWALLOW@CGIAR.ORG 

  Ms. Vanessa Meadu
  V.Meadu@CGIAR.ORG
  Tel: +254 722 4263

  Interest in REDD was strengthened in 2006 with the release of the Stern Report on the Economics of Climate Change. From an analysis of the economics of various emission sources, Sir Nicholas Stern and his colleagues concluded that reducing emissions from tropical deforestation could be one of the most cost-effective ways to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. Other efforts to aggregate the marginal costs of avoided deforestation with other sources of GHG emission reduction have yielded variable results, with avoided deforestation ranging from very inexpensive to relatively expensive. There is an urgent need to refine estimation methods and generate estimates for the wide range of conditions that exist across the humid tropics.

  Working at sites across the tropical forest margins, the ASB partnership has produced some of the most reliable and widely-used sources of information on carbon stocks associated with alternative land uses. In a new study, researchers from a number of national and international organizations have built on previous ASB results and methods to produce estimates of the carbon emissions and economic returns to land associated with land use change in sites in Indonesia, Peru, Brazil and Cameroon. Preliminary results from those studies, as well as studies of the abatement costs associated with community forestry, will be presented and the implications discussed.

  CHAIR: Brent Swallow, ICRAF
  12.00 – 12.10	REDD and the Challenges of estimating abatement costs for avoided deforestation Speaker: Brent Swallow, ICRAF
  12.10 – 12.20	Returns to land and comparative abatement costs in mixed land use systems in Cameroon Speaker: ASB team member from Cameroon
  12.20 – 12.30	Landscape Analysis of Abatement Cost in the Philippines: The Lantapan ASB Case Study Speaker: Rodel Lasco, ICRAF
  12.30 – 12.40	Estimated investments required to avoid deforestation in the Amazon : A Peruvian perspective Speaker: Miguel Barandiaran, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria (INIA)
  12.40 – 13.00	Landscape-level analysis of abatement costs in four landscapes in Indonesia Speaker: Meine Van Noordwijk, ICRAF
  13.00 – 13.10	Abatement costs of avoiding emissions from forest degradation Speaker: Margaret Skutsch, University of Twente
  13.10 – 13.30	Roundtable Discussion and Implications

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• Carbon Market & other Funding for Reducing Emissions From Tropical Deforestation.

  Room: Sumba Room

  Further information:

  Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS)
  Douglas Boucher
  DBoucher@ucsusa.org
  Tel: +1-202-331-6958

  Reducing emissions from deforestation will require substantial funding, both for the development of tropical nations' technical capacities and to outweigh the opportunity costs of land uses other than forests. Although the carbon market is a leading prospect for providing this funding, it's not yet clear what level of financial flows it can be expected to provide, how this level compares to official development assistance and other funding alternatives, and how all these flows compare to the needs. This session will present several analyses, both regional (e.g. Amazon) and global, of these amounts, based on economic analyses of the supply curves of EDD credits. The results should provide the basis for choosing funding alternatives and for evaluating whether REDD credits will be either so few as to have little impact on deforestation, or so many that they could swamp carbon markets and reduce emissions reductions in industrial and energy sectors. Their importance for policy is thus very great.

  CHAIR: Douglas H. Boucher  (UCS)
  12.00 - 12.15	The costs and benefits of reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in the Brazilian Amazon Speaker: Daniel Nepstad, Woods Hole Research Center
  12.15 – 12.30	Carbon Price Impacts on Land Investment at the Forest Frontier Speaker: Marisa Meizlish, New Forests
  12.30 – 12.45	Private sector requirements for REDD credit trading & lessons learnt from the market for LULUCF credits Speaker: Anna Lehman, 3C Group AG
  12.45 – 13.00	The Dual Markets Approach to Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation Speaker: Ned Helme, Center for Clean Air Policy
  13.00 – 13.15	Supply and Demand of REDD Credits and Other Funding Sources: A review of the literature Speaker: Douglas H. Boucher, Union of Concerned Scientists
  13.15 – 13.30	General discussion

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• Drivers of deforestation and implications for incentive schemes

  Room: Grand Ball Room B

  Further information:

  Max-Planck-Institute (MPI)
  Annette Freibauer
  afreib@bgc-jena.mpg.de
  Tel: +49 3641 576164

  Quantitative relationships between national circumstances, socio-economic and political drivers of deforestation are shown at national and subcontinental level. However, every country has its own specific history and situation. Clustering of countries to define reduction ambitions is therefore inappropriate. What does the complex situation mean for international negotiations? Countries need to find their own appropriate ways to fight the causes of deforestation but require sustained incentives to keep up the national success of REDD. An incentive mechanism focused on emission reductions will fail to be effective in the mid-term.

  CHAIR: Annette Freibauer, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany
  12.00 – 12.05	Drivers of deforestation and implications for incentive schemes: Introduction Speaker:Annette Freibauer, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany
  12.05 – 12.20	Correlations between national circumstances and deforestation: common regional patterns Speaker: Michael Hüttner, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany
  12.20 – 12.35	Governance and socio-economic drivers of deforestation Speaker: Gisleine Cunha Zeri, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany
  12.35 – 12.50	Uncertainties at country-level and implications for design options of incentive schemes Speaker:Anke Herold, Öko-Institut, Germany
  12.50 – 13.05	Why incentives purely based on emission reductions will fail Speaker: Annette Freibauer & Danilo Mollicone, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany
  13.05 – 13.30	Discussion

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• Estimating REDD and Afforestation Carbon and Economic Benefits, and Addressing Implementation Issues

  Room: Lombok Room

  Further information:

  Lawrence Berkeley National Labs (LBNL)
  Jayant Sathaye
  JASathaye@lbl.gov
  Tel: +1 510 486 6294

  Abstract: An integrated set of presentations in two sessions on REDD and afforestation, addressing: how remote sensing and forest carbon estimation is performed, tools available for screening terrestrial carbon intervention candidate locations, the implications of competing baseline establishment methods, the potential quantities and costs and locations of interventions, options to address leakage and additionality and non-permanence in REDD programs, and estimating the demand for reductions.

  Session 1: Measurement, Monitoring, and Baselines

  CO-CHAIRS: Jayant Sathaye and Ken Andrasko
  12.00 – 12.10	Introduction
  12.10 – 12.25	Minutes What tools are available for projecting baseline emissions for deforestation? Speaker: Sandra Brown
  12.25 – 12.40	Minutes Addressing Permanence, Additionality and Leakage in an International REDD Agreement Speaker: Brian C. Murray
  12.40 – 12.55	Minutes Assessing Comparative Advantage and Leakage in Emission Reductions from Deforestation. Speaker: Brent Sohngen
  12.55 – 13.10	Minutes GHG Mitigation Potential in Global Forests: Role of transaction costs and alternative baselines Speaker: Jayant Sathaye
  13.10 – 13.30	Discussion

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• Evolving a Technical Sourcebook for REDD Implementation

  Room: Moyo Room

  Further information:

  Global Observations of Forest Cover and Land Dynamics (GOFC-GOLD)
  Martin Herold
  m.h@uni-jena.de
  Tel: +49 3641 948887

  As the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change nears the end of a 2 year period of evaluation of the issue Reducing Emissions from Deforestation in Developing Countries, participating countries have agreed on the need to address this globally important source of greenhouse gas emissions. The value of remote sensing tools for deforestation monitoring, coupled with ground/based inventories, has been officially referenced to support policies to reduce these emissions. GOFC-GOLD has maintained close communication with the negotiation process and provided technical guidance. GOFC-GOLD and associated organizations have drafted a user-friendly technical sourcebook on available methods and procedures for estimating carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. The document builds upon existing UNFCCC approved methodologies, scientific consensus on remote sensing methods, and provides additional explanation, clarification and enhanced methodologies for obtaining key data.

   The aim of the side event is to present the sourcebook draft and open discussions for future developments and improvements.

  CHAIR: Martin Herold
  12.00 – 12.15	Background and scope of the sourcebook Speaker:Martin Herold
  12.15 – 12.30	Monitoring deforestation Speaker:Ruth DeFries
  12.30 – 12.45	Monitoring forest degradation Speaker:Carlos Souza Jr.
  12.45 – 13.00	Monitoring and estimating changes in forest carbon stocks Speaker:Sandra Brown
  13.00 – 13.15	Guidance on reporting Speaker: Giacomo Grassi
  13.15 – 13.30	Review process and discussions Speaker: Martin Herold and Frederic Achard

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• Forests, climate change and the forest industry – The business perspective Introduction

  Room: Banda Room

  Further information:

  International council of Forest and Paper Association (ICFPA); World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)
  Marco Mensink
  m.mensink@cepi.org
  Tel: +32 475 769388

  One of the key themes in COP13 will be the various roles of forests and forestry in climate change, which are extensively discussed in chapter 9 of the fourth assessment report (Working Group III). Sustainable forest management, including afforestation and reforestation, are key themes as is the activities of the forest industry sector. The forest industry (private forest owners, forest products companies) has several roles in the climate change debate. One role is as an eco-efficient user of energy and responsible manager of greenhouse gasses emissions. Others include sustainable forest management, producers of wood-based products and enablers of new technologies for biofuels, bio-chemicals, etc. These different roles of the forest industry in climate change are expanding and becoming clearer as the scientific and policy debates develop; including carbon sequestration in wood products, the deployment of intensively managed planted forests to meet expand demand for fiber (for products and energy) and the production of bio-energy/fuels.

  The goal of the side event is to present the business perspective on forests, forestry and climate change. This side event will aim at introducing the industry and presenting the latest studies and material on these different roles. The side event will combine presentations, an expert panel and audience discussion in order to be able to explore some shared conclusions on the future role of the sustainable forest products industry.

  CHAIR:
  12.00 – 12.10	Welcome and introductions Introducing the forest based sector and its different roles in climate change ICFPA (TP)
  12.10 – 12.30	The Carbon profile of the global forest sector Speaker: NCASI (RM)
  12.30 – 12.40	Questions and answers Panel Specific focus: Forests and bio-energy
  12.40 – 12.50	Global view: Forests and bio-energy FAO (WK) Speaker:Sandra Brown
  12.50 – 13.00	Enabler of bio-energy - EU Bio-energy impact assessment Speaker: CEPI (MM)
  13.00 – 13.20	Discussion Panel
  13.20 – 13.30	Sustainable forest product industry/Recommendations and conclusions Closing

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• High Conservation Value (HCV) Forests and land use planning for REDD

  Room: Octopus Room

  Further information:

  High Conservation Value Forest Resource Network (HCVF-RN)
  Dr Christopher Stewart
  Christopher@proforest.net
  Tel: +44 1993 886654

  Sustainable land use planning requires a landscape level approach that integrates environmental and socio-cultural values with economic needs. At the level of Forest Management Units or forest set-asides within production landscapes, understanding and managing the full range of conservation values is critical to long-term sustainability, including risk assurance against the loss or degradation of forest carbon assets.

  The High Conservation Value (HCV) framework provides a flexible toolkit to identify, map, manage and monitor the critical conservation values present in a forest area (see www.hcvnetwork.org), including species biodiversity, endangered habitats, landscape level ecosystems, ecosystem services, basic needs of forest-dependent communities, and cultural identity values. The HCV concept originated in FSC forest certification, but is now widely applied in other contexts, including notably in land use planning, in the RSPO principles and criteria for sustainable palm oil production, in responsible investment and purchasing policies, and in conservation advocacy. Landscape level HCV assessments combined with ecosystem carbon asset analysis can help national policy makers, REDD investors and land use managers to identify the multiple ecosystem values, balance cost-benefit decisions of land use options, and control risk within managed landscape units.

  CHAIR: Rod Taylor (TBC)
  12.00 – 12.10	Introduction to High Conservation Value Forests Speaker: Christopher Stewart, HCV RN Secretariat
  12.10 – 12.30	The HCV Framework and land use planning for REDD Speaker: Ruth Nussbaum, HCV RN Secretariat
  12.30 - 12.50	HCVF and standard setting for forest carbon projects Speaker: Ken Creighton/Martin Walter, WWF
  12.50 - 13.00	HCVF case studies, Indonesia Speaker: Gary Paoli, Indonesian Resource Institute (TBC)
  13.00 - 13.05	FSC Viewpoint on HCVF Speaker: Nina Haase
  13.05 - 13.10	TNC Viewpont on HCVF Speaker: Ben Jarvis
  13.10 - 13.15	World Bank Viewpoint on HCVF Speaker: Gerhard Dieterle
  13.15 - 13.20	Forest Peoples’ Programme Viewpiont on HCVF Speaker: Marcus Colchester
  13.20 - 13.25	WWF viewpoint on HCVF Speaker: Rod Taylor (TBC)
  13.25- 13.30	Questions and Answer

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• Linking decision-making with knowledge about forest adaptation to climate change – the contribution of the Joint CPF Initiative on Science and Technology

  Room: Sanur Room

  Further information:

  International union of Forest Research institutions (IUFRO)
  Alexander Buck
  buck@iufro.org
  Tel: +43 1 877 01 51 13

  Current climate change policies and measures tend to focus on mitigation. Yet, even with mitigation in place, measures and policies will need to be developed to enable the adaptation of forests to current and projected changes in climate.

  In this context, the Collaborative Partnership on Forests’ Joint Initiative on Science and Technology aims to provide international decision makers with state-of-science information on the impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems, their capacity to adapt and their vulnerability. For this purpose, an international “Expert Panel on Adaptation of Forests to Climate Change” has been established to carry out a comprehensive assessment of available scientific information and prepare a report for use by international fora, including the United Nations Forum on Forests, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the UNFCCC.

  During this side-event, participants will be informed about the activities of the Expert Panel on Adaptation of Forests to Climate Change up to the year 2009. In addition, the side-event will provide a forum for internationally renowned policy makers and scientific experts to discuss the “adaptation imperative”, and how the assessment report can best support the work of the UNFCCC on adaptation to climate change.

  CHAIR: Dr. Peter Mayer (IUFRO Executive Director)
  12.00 – 12.10	Forests and climate change – information needs of the UNFF Speaker: Ms. Ghazal Badiozamani, Secretariat of the United Nations Forum on Forests
  12.10 – 12.20	Forests, climate change and biodiversity – information needs of the CBD Speaker: Ms. Jaime Webbe, Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity
  12.20 – 12.35	Forests in a Changing Climate - Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability Speaker: Professor Andreas Fischlin, Coordinating Lead Author, Chapter “Ecosystems”, Working Group II of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report
  12.35 – 12.50	Mainstreaming Adaptation into Development – The Contribution of the Tropcial Forests and Climate Change Adaptation (TroFCCA) Project Speaker: Dr. Johnson Ndi Nkem, TroFCCA Project Coordinator, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)
  12.50 – 13.05	The Joint Initiative on Science and Technology and the Expert Panel on Adaptation of Forests to Climate Change Speaker: Mr. Alexander Buck, IUFRO Deputy Executive Director, Focal Point for the Joint Initiative on Science and Technology
  13.05 – 13.30	Discussion forum and policy consultation on “The Expert Panel on Adaptation of Forests to Climate Change and the UNFCCC

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• Maximizing multiple benefits for climate, communities and biodiversity from forest carbon projects

  Room: Samudra Room

  Further information:

  Climate, community and Biodiversity Aliance (CCBA)
  Joanna Durbin
  jdurbin@climate-standards.org
  Tel: +1-703-341-2461

  Forest carbon projects, including avoided deforestation, reforestation and afforestation activities, are increasingly being recognized as a crucial component of any strategy to comprehensively address climate change. Forests also provide many other extremely valuable services such as water regulation, soil protection and ecotourism opportunities, often vital elements for sustainable development. In addition, many of the rural poor in developing countries rely on forest products for their livelihoods, food, shelter and medicines. Forests are dynamic ecosystems that sustain society, both physically and spiritually and are bastions of biodiversity, sustaining a myriad of animals and plants, including most of the species threatened with extinction. Integrated and sensitive design can ensure that forestry projects deliver robust carbon offsets while also supporting sustainable development and biodiversity conservation. This side event will bring together a panel of leading experts and practitioners to share their on-the-ground experience and useful tools for developing forest carbon projects that maximize climate, community and biodiversity benefits.

  CHAIR: Joanna Durbin, Climate, Community & Biodiversity Alliance
  12.00 – 12.10	Introduction to optimizing multiple benefits for from forest carbon markets Speaker: Joanna Durbin – CCBA
  12.10 – 12.20	Key issues surrounding land-based carbon from a market perspective Speaker: Eric Bettelheim – SFM
  12.20 – 12.30	Investor interest in multiple-benefit forest carbon Speaker: Anna Lehmann – 3C
  12.30– 12.40	The role of the Climate, Community & Biodiversity Standards Speaker: Jeffrey Hayward – Rainforest Alliance
  12.40 – 12.55	Making markets work for poverty alleviation: experiences from Indonesia and Guatemala Speaker: Charles Ehrhart – CARE
  12.55 - 13.10	Innovative revenue sharing between Government and communities: Makira project, Madagascar Speaker: Christopher Holmes – WCS
  13.10 - 13.25	Discussion – lifting the barriers, raising the bar and catalysing the carbon markets for multiple benefits
  13.25 - 13.30	Conclusions and recommendations Speaker: Joanna Durbin – CCBA

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• SFM For REDD: From Acronyms To Implementation In The Tropics

  Room: Bali Room

  Further information:

  International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO)
  Steven E. Johnson
  Johnson@itto.or.jp
  Tel: +81 45 223 1110

  The purpose of this Side Event is to share ITTO’s experience in enhancing sustainable tropical forest management in connection with reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries in the tropics (REDD). Specifically, the Event intends to introduce the concepts of sustainable forest management in relation to REDD. These concepts will be illustrated by means of specific examples of concrete ITTO field projects. In addition, a tropical perspective of combating deforestation under the UNFCCC will be presented.

  CHAIR: Emmanuel Ze Meka, Executive Director, ITTO
  12.00 – 12.05	ITTO’s experience in promoting SFM in the tropics Speaker: Mr. Emmanuel Ze Meka, Executive Director, ITTO
  12.05 – 12.25	Keynote Address: Governor Eduardo Braga (Amazonas State, Brazil) Payment of Environmental Services and Conservation in Amazonas, Brazil (with Prof. Virgilio Mauricio Viana, Secretary of State for Environment and Sustainable Dev. of the State of Amanonas, Brazil)
  12.25 – 12.40	Sustainable forest management as a tool for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation Speaker: Dr. Juergen Blaser, Intercooperation, Switzerland
  12.40 – 12.50	Forest Canopy Density Mapping: Climate Change Mitigation, Forest Landscape Restoration and Sustainable Forest Management, Philippine Experience Speaker: Dr Merlinda R. Manila, DENR, Philippines
  12.50 – 13.00	Strengthening forest law enforcement in the Republic of Congo through remote sensing technology and information systems Speaker: Ms Susan Minnemeyer, GIS Manager, World Resources Institute
  13.00 - 13.30	Questions and Answers

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• Sustainable forest management and climate change mitigation: building on past experience.

  Room: Cigar Room

  Further information:

  Food and Agriculture organization of the united nations (FAO)
  Susan Braatz
  susan.braatz@fao.org
  Tel: (+39) 06 57051

  The side event will provide an overview of the experience in sustainable forest management that can be applied to the challenges of climate change mitigation, particularly reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. It will consider technical tools and mechanisms, governance and legal frameworks, livelihood concerns, financial considerations and capacity strengthening needs in key areas, including forest law enforcement, forest fire management, reforestation and forest landscape restoration, protected area management, and reduced impact logging. It will also highlight key intersectoral issues to be addressed, particularly related to agriculture. Existing tools, mechanisms and partnerships that can support forestry efforts in climate change mitigation will be highlighted. The side event will include presentations from FAO and various partner institutions working to strengthen SFM in developing countries.

  CHAIR: Chair: Susan Braatz (FAO)
  12.00 – 12.10	Perspectives on Forests and Climate Change Mitigation Speaker: Susan Braatz, FAO
  12.10 – 12.20	Forest Monitoring and Assessment for Climate Change Reporting Speaker: Peter Holmgren, FAO
  12.20 – 12.30	Civil Society’s Essential Involvement for Successful Government Policy Implementation Speaker: Bachrianto Bachtiar, South Sulawesi Coalition for Forest
  12.30 – 12.40	Codes and Guidelines for Sustainable Forest Management Speaker: Patrick Durst, FAO
  12.40 – 12.50	Best Practices for Improving Law Compliance in the Forest Sector Speaker: Steven Johnson, ITTO
  12.50 – 13.00	The Non-Legally Binding Instrument on All Types of Forest Speaker: Peter Csoka, UNFF Secretariat
  13.00 - 13.30	Discussion

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• The Forests Now Declaration: Forests Now in the Fight Against Climate Change

  Room: Grand Ball Room A

  Further information:

  Global Canopy Program (GCP)
  Katherine Secoyk.secoy@globalcanopy.org
  Tel: +44 (0) 1865 724 222

  Presenting the ‘Forests Now Declaration’ on behalf of over 200 leading individuals and organisations from the worlds of science and conservation that have endorsed the Declaration. ‘Forests Now’ calls on Governments to act to put tropical forests higher on the international climate change agenda. The side event will give a platform to high-level speakers from across the tropics (SE Asia, Brazilian Amazon and Congo Basin) to discuss: forests and the climate change debate; additional ecosystem services forests provide that remain undervalued; addressing deforestation to help alleviate poverty; and the need to reform carbon markets to help provide the additional sustainable sources of finance required to halt deforestation.

  CHAIR: Andrew Mitchell, Global Canopy Programme
  Introduction
  12.00 – 12.15	From Brazil to Bali: A Global Call to Action Speaker: Andrew Mitchell, Global Canopy Programme and Dr. Antonio Donato Nobre
  The Political Imperative
  12.15 – 12.25	A Call to Action from the Amazonas State Government, Brazil Speaker: Govenor Braga, Amazonas State or Professor Virgilio Viana, Secretary for Environment and Sustainable Development, Amazonas State, Brazil
  12.25 – 12.35	A Call to Action from the Congo Basin Forests Speaker: Political representative from Congo DRC (tbc)
  12.35– 12.45	A Call to Action from Papua New Guinea and the Coalition For Rainforest Nations. Speaker: Kevin Conrad, Coalition for Rainforest Nations
  The Economic Imperative
  12.45 – 12.55	Why Forests Need Markets NOW. Speaker: Eric Bettelheim, Sustainable Forestry Management
  12.55 - 13.05	Is there a role for a large-scale fund to prepare the markets?
  13.05 - 13.30	Panel Discussion: ‘Forests and the Carbon Markets: Understanding the Risks, Maximising the Benefits’ Panellists: Andrew Mitchell (Chair), Antonio Donato Nobre, INPA, Brazil; Kevin Conrad, Coalition for Rainforest Nations; Governor Eduardo Braga, Amazonas State or Virgilio Viana, Secretary for Environment and Sustainable Development, Amazonas State, Brazil; Representative of Congo DRC; Eric Bettelheim, Sustainable Forestry Management;

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• The future of the land use sector in carbon markets

  Room: Kuta Room

  Further information:

  EcoSecurities
  Sabine Henders
  Sabine.Henders@ecosecurities.com
  Tel: +44 1865 29 6920

  With the spotlight of international attention currently being on discussions about avoided deforestation (REDD) issues, this side event intends to discuss the importance of forest establishment (reforestation, forest restoration and revegetation) next to forest conservation in climate change mitigation.

  The event will be initiated with a presentation that serves as starting point for an extensive panel discussion.

  The presentation will give an overview about the past and present of CDM and JI forestry projects and analyse the experiences made up to now. An outlook on future challenges in the land use sector (i.e., forest establishment and forest conservation) under a post-Kyoto regime will initiate a panel discussion between high-level land use experts from the private, public, policy and NGO sectors.

  Outcome will be a collection of views and opinions on the future of the land use sector as a whole, and the identification of challenges, based on past experiences, which should be addressed and considered in a future international regime.

  The message is that land-use projects under Kyoto have so far been a failure, whereas on voluntary markets they constitute a considerable share of projects. The discussion should yield ideas what is needed to improve political and institutional conditions for land use projects that also go beyond afforestation and reforestation in a Post-Kyoto regime.

  CHAIR: To Be Confirmed
  12.00 – 12.25	Lessons learned from forestry land use projects under Kyoto and challenges ahead
  12.30 – 13.30	Panel discussion: Why was AR-CDM a failure? What can be done to improve the situation? Is reforestation important at all with a view to CC mitigation effectiveness? What is the future of land use projects? (reforestation /REDD/adaptation) What are the co-benefits of LU projects How can adaptation benefits be used to leverage additional funds or incentives for LU carbon projects (or vice versa)?

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